"If you establish direction in the first four years of life, parenting becomes easier."
Bessa's 6 Parenting Principles for Parents and Children

Seoul National University mothers are among the most important research centers in the world for childcare.
The ultimate practical parenting method, based on science and facts, with only the most relevant knowledge.

★★★★★ The first parenting book from the popular YouTube show 'Bessa TV' with 9 million views
★★★★★ Highly recommended by Professor Na-ya Choi of the Department of Child and Family Studies at Seoul National University
★★★★★A compilation of 2,000 research papers from experts around the world.
★★★★★ 54 Questions and Answers Most Frequently Asked by Parents of Children Ages 0-4

Park Jeong-eun, author of 'Bessa TV', which has established itself as a new parenting mentor with the enthusiastic support of 150,000 parents, has published 'Bessa Parenting', a 'parenting guidebook that parents of children aged 0-4 must know' after a long period of preparation.
He is famous for introducing only the most advanced, science-based parenting knowledge that has been thoroughly verified by experts.
To answer the questions of parents who are lost in the flood of parenting information, we conducted an in-depth study of papers by experts from around the world.
We also share the advice we've received from professors and major institutions both domestically and internationally, and host webinars with international experts on babies' bilingual development, creating unparalleled parenting content.


The author's study of parenting is not intended to acquire extraordinary knowledge that would burden parents.
He meticulously reviewed over 2,000 international papers and over 100 domestic and foreign books to create parenting content that would be helpful to parents and to write this book.
What I realized along the way was that there are at least some basic principles that can change a child's future and the quality of life of parents in the long run.
Once you learn how to support your child's autonomy and provide them with experiences of success, the importance of parental responses and interactions, and how to create a good parenting environment and structure for their lives, a new world of parenting opens up.
In the hope that more parents will be able to focus more on their child's precious moments without being swayed by their surroundings during the first four years of life, which will never come again, all the research results have been compiled into one volume, "Bessa Parenting."

This book presents a conclusion to numerous practical parenting topics that have been asked countless times on the Internet but for which no clear answers have been found.
It contains all the knowledge about healthy feeding methods from breastfeeding to baby food, the Happy Meal Project to develop happy eating habits, step-by-step principles of sleep parenting to raise a child who sleeps well, toy play that helps brain development and book parenting for language development, healthy discipline that supports a child's autonomy, and scientific fact-checking knowledge on issues that you will definitely search for at least once while raising a child.
The author's signature line, known to all fans, is "Today, let's start with the conclusion!"
As always, the answers are clear and the evidence is solid.
Above all, the author's most curious reality of parenting was covered in the 'Bessa and Dami Story' corner.
Just knowing how knowledge goes beyond theory and applies in practice will help you grow into a confident parent.

It's okay if you can't do much for your baby.
By focusing solely on responses and interactions, your baby's life is much more likely to be enriched.
The secure attachment and relationship that comes from positive parental responses and interactions is one of the best basic human abilities.
Babies who acquire these important skills early will enter society with the best weapons available.
Whatever you do, you will do well.
Have you ever heard the saying, "There's something different between a loved baby and an unloved baby?" I'd like to be a little more specific.
There is a clear difference between babies who respond and babies who don't.

---p.31 From “Plus Parenting Principle 2: Response and Interaction”

As babies grow, it's normal for their sleep patterns to change, including fewer naps, and for the amount of sleep they need to gradually decrease.
As the seasons change and the days get longer and shorter, the time we feel sleepy may change slightly.
If you observe your baby closely and think, "Hey, my baby doesn't seem very sleepy even though it's the same time as usual," you need to adjust your expectations about your baby's sleep time little by little, saying, "Is it time for them to go to bed a little later?"
However, in some cases, parents may not realize that their baby's sleep patterns may change or may force their baby to follow a sleep schedule that they have set arbitrarily.
“It’s normal to need to sleep for more than twelve hours,” they say, and they firmly believe that their baby needs to sleep that much even if he or she isn’t sleepy.
The amount of sleep each baby needs varies slightly depending on the situation, and there is no set 'time to sleep'.
Sticking to a bedtime schedule you see online is like parents not being 'responsive' enough when it comes to their baby's sleep.

---p.233 From “What to do when sleep refusal occurs?”

Trying to progress through the steps too quickly can be counterproductive.
If a parent suddenly leaves the room the next day after the baby has managed to sleep alone in bed, the baby may demand to be held back in his or her arms and put to sleep so that the parent cannot leave.
It is best to move on to the next step when you feel your baby is sufficiently adjusted.
If your baby won't stop crying no matter how gradually you try to help them, and you feel like it's never going to work, I think your baby isn't ready to overcome their anxiety and fall asleep on their own.
In this case, I'd try a few more days to be sure, but if it's the same, I think I'll wait a bit for sleep independence.
Also, if your baby is taking too long to get to sleep or is refusing to sleep at all, addressing that issue may be a priority.

---p.248 From “Should babies become sleep independent to sleep well?”

Through imaginative play, babies can practice regulating their emotions.
Babies develop the ability to regulate their emotions between the ages of one and two.
A baby's ability to regulate their emotions is very important from various perspectives, such as social skills and learning ability.
One environment in which babies can develop their emotional regulation skills is an imaginative play environment.
When babies engage in imaginative play, they create a kind of new set of rules for themselves.
When I declare, “I am a teacher!” I have to suppress the urge to act like my usual self and think about how a teacher would act and act accordingly.
In this process, impulse control is naturally trained.
Professor Greta Fein, a child psychologist, said this in her paper on imaginative play:
“Children who engage in imaginative play move through various scenarios and practice appropriately managing the emotions they might feel in each situation.”
---p.267 From “How to guide play for babies after 2 years of age?”

There is a reason why children try to repeat something.
Because I believe that the most learning comes from repeating that behavior.
Children know very well what actions help them learn the most.
The same goes for reading books.
Sometimes children ask me to read certain books over and over again, to the point where they get bored.
This phenomenon is not something to be concerned about at all; rather, parents should create an environment where their children can read several books repeatedly.
For example, rather than cramming a bookshelf with a large number of books, I recommend arranging a small number of books that interest your child.
It is better not to keep recommending new books or to intentionally hide books that you have read a lot in the hopes that they will read other books as well.
---p.293 From “How should we read books?”

It is often thought that babies need to hear a lot of 'speech sounds' to develop their language skills.
The mistaken belief that showing videos will help language development is also a conclusion that comes from this way of thinking.
But the essence of language is communication.
It would be good to think of it as consistently watering the sprout in babies' hearts of the desire to communicate with their mom and dad from a young age.
It's through reaction (no matter what you study, about half of it will eventually revert to reaction parenting.)
---p.318 From “What if your baby seems to be late in speaking?”

Rather than just giving negative feedback like, “You shouldn’t do that” when your baby attacks someone, you can discipline them much more effectively by capturing moments when they are able to control their behavior even when they are angry, or when they are behaving appropriately in situations that bring up negative emotions, and providing positive feedback.
This is an important point in overall discipline.
Discipline isn't just a simple matter of "eliminating your child's negative behavior."
If a positive relationship is not established between the disciplining parent and the baby, the baby will be less motivated to accept the parent's disciplinary messages.
Empathizing with your baby's emotions and giving positive feedback when your baby does something well will help build a positive parent-baby relationship, helping to maintain the bond with your baby.
If you give positive feedback repeatedly, your baby will grow up to be cooperative and follow along with you just once or twice, making parenting much easier.
---p.326 From “What happens when a baby hits or pinches someone else?”

There is nothing wrong or strange about a baby saying "no."
It's just a very common, natural, and even desirable phenomenon in development.
To acknowledge this fact, you tell yourself, “It could be so.”
Our baby is assertive.
You have a healthy desire to do what you want, and you can express that desire in words.
You're growing up well.
By changing your mode like this, you will be prepared to calmly find the strategy that best suits the situation without reacting emotionally to your baby.

---p.338 From "What is the strategy for persuading a baby who refuses?"

A strategy that focuses on the positive aspects of the behavior you dislike: “After I shower, I can wear this cute bathrobe, which Dami has been waiting to wear all day.”
You can also use special items that you can only wear after showering to keep yourself motivated.
Saying, “The bathrobe asked me to put it on,” might stimulate your baby’s prosocial motivation, killing two birds with one stone.
It's more effective if you approach it as a game, pretending to cry in a shower gown.
In a positive and fun atmosphere, babies are more willing to cooperate.

Praise strategy: “(After showering) Dami didn’t want to shower today, but Mom asked her to help, so she came in and showered with us. It was really cool how she bravely endured it even though she didn’t want to.”
Although it may not be immediately applicable to a refusal situation, it is a strategy that can increase motivation to cooperate in similar situations in the future.
Regardless of how smooth the process was, if you overcame your resistance and accomplished something, be sure to praise yourself.
This is a rare opportunity to show you how wonderful it is to know how to persevere and overcome your fears.

---p.344 From "What is the strategy for persuading a baby who refuses?"