{"product_id":"111996","title":"The power of geography ","description":"\u003ccenter\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/tmgdisk01.cafe24.com\/images\/vs\/4172\/sv\/3jYEgzMieOtkh86vfG8PQkBpVBKN0Q.png?v=1765126501\" style=\"max-width:100%;max-height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center;font-size:30px;font-weight:bolder;line-height:1.6em\"\u003e The power of geography \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-color:;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable align=\"center\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\u003ctbody style=\"border:0px\"\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"center\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-size:18px;color:black;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/image.yes24.com\/goods\/30217950\/XL\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%;{split_style6}padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e Description \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;word-break:break-all;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6em;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eBook Introduction\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e How Geography Determines Individuals and the World\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e A word from MD\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e History is determined by geography.\u003cbr\u003e In the rapidly changing 21st century, we have provided an easy-to-understand explanation of how geopolitical characteristics determine the present and future of each country, divided by region.\u003cbr\u003e - Son Min-gyu, Social and Political MD\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e  \u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eTHAAD, the South China Sea, ISIS, territorial disputes, the division of Europe—it all started with geography!\u003cbr\u003e Our lives have always been shaped by the land we live on.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Hannibal, Xun Zi, and Alexander the Great all acknowledged it.\u003cbr\u003e [The Laws of Geography] remain as powerful as ever in the 21st century.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e An in-depth analysis of the impact of [The Power of Geography] on 21st-century modern history!\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The author, who has worked as a journalist specializing in international affairs for over 25 years, including as a Turkey correspondent for the Financial Times, a foreign affairs editor for Sky News, and a BBC reporter, has published a book in which he views the world through the lens of geography.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThis book divides the world into ten regions, specifically China, the United States, Western Europe, Russia, Korea and Japan, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, India and Pakistan, and the Arctic, and focuses on the impact of [the power of geography] on the rapidly changing modern history of the 21st century.\u003cbr\u003e In particular, the [Korea] section points out that Korea cannot help but serve as a [transit point for major powers] due to its location and the geographical characteristics of the Korean Peninsula.\u003cbr\u003e It also covers the most recent issues, including the territorial disputes over the South China Sea, Britain's choice of glorious isolation, a divided Europe, Japan's choice of militarism, the neo-hegemonic competition between the United States and China, ISIS's territorial expansion unlike Al Qaeda, and the rise of the Arctic.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThe author claims that [economic wars], [the division of the world], [territorial disputes], [the gap between the rich and the poor], and [greed and competition for vast resources] ultimately [originate from geography], presenting a key insight into geography, one of the major factors that determined world history.\u003cbr\u003e It also shows how geography affects our individual lives and how it shapes world politics and economics.\u003cbr\u003e The book is currently a bestseller in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, and will be published in Spain, Türkiye, Taiwan, Japan, and China.\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e You can preview some of the book's contents.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cspan\u003ePreview\u003c\/span\u003e\n\n\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eindex\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e Introduction: Everything in our lives began with geography!\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 1: China, from a continental nation to a maritime power after 4,000 years\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e From the birth of the Han people to the dream of becoming a military power\u003cbr\u003e A country that is definitely protected by geography \u003cbr\u003eWhy China Risks Its Lives in Tibet\u003cbr\u003e Xinjiang, a strategic territory that China can never give up\u003cbr\u003e From a land nation to a maritime power!\u003cbr\u003e The South China Sea, a hotbed of conflict\u003cbr\u003e “America, Taiwan is geographically closer to us!”\u003cbr\u003e Numerous territorial disputes, we will never give up our position as a maritime power.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 2: The United States Becomes the World's Most Powerful Power Through Geographic Blessings and Strategic Territorial Purchases\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e A country with an unusual geographical location\u003cbr\u003e A stroke of genius, the Louisiana Purchase\u003cbr\u003e In the territorial dispute with Mexico, history sided with the United States.\u003cbr\u003e In an era when there were no threats, we advanced to Guam and the Caribbean.\u003cbr\u003e The era of American hegemony, with its powerful naval force\u003cbr\u003e Are Europe and Russia really a threat to the United States?\u003cbr\u003e China, China, China! And the East Asia-Pacific region.\u003cbr\u003e Now that the United States has achieved energy self-sufficiency, how will it maintain relations with Middle Eastern countries?\u003cbr\u003e The trend of predicting America's decline\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3: Western Europe: Ideological and Geographic Divides Together\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Western Europe blessed with geography vs.\u003cbr\u003e Southern Europe, discriminated against by geography\u003cbr\u003e The Greek crisis, ideological and geographical divisions in Europe\u003cbr\u003e Signs of rift and tension arising in the East\u003cbr\u003e France fears Germany, and Germany fears France.\u003cbr\u003e The perceived plurality of geographies within the European Union\u003cbr\u003e Britain in glorious isolation?\u003cbr\u003e Will Europe really return to the early 20th century?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 4: Russia, the Largest Country, but Geography Takes a Bash\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Geography was what protected Russia.\u003cbr\u003e Unlimited territorial expansion, becoming a superpower rivaling the United States.\u003cbr\u003e One foot in Europe, the other in Asia\u003cbr\u003e The absence of ice-free ports: Russia's geographic Achilles' heel\u003cbr\u003e Pro-Western countries, pro-Russian countries, and neutral countries\u003cbr\u003e Ukraine is trying to flirt with the West and get a carrot from Moscow. \u003cbr\u003eCrimea, a geographical gift from God to Russia\u003cbr\u003e Russia's Gambling with Geography as a Weapon\u003cbr\u003e NATO vs.\u003cbr\u003e Russia and the Baltic countries\u003cbr\u003e Moscow is close, Washington is far away\u003cbr\u003e Economic warfare using gas, oil, and geography\u003cbr\u003e The honeymoon relationship between Russia and China, which even allows for military cooperation\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 5: Korea, Due to Its Geographical Features, Became a Transit Point for Great Powers\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Japan forges a military alliance with the United States to contain China, its greatest concern.\u003cbr\u003e North Korea, which appears weak but plays the role of a dangerous underdog\u003cbr\u003e The artificial 38th parallel divided by one finger\u003cbr\u003e If war breaks out on the Korean Peninsula, what choices will the United States, China, Japan, and Russia make?\u003cbr\u003e Japan, an island nation, once chose isolation, now chooses military intervention.\u003cbr\u003e Will Japan ever become a country capable of waging war?\u003cbr\u003e Japan's biggest concern is China; now it must find friends in its neighbors.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6: Latin America, Trapped in a Landless, Vast Geographic Prison\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e A territorial dispute unfolds at the edge of a vast world.\u003cbr\u003e Mexico, a country destined to live in the shadow of the United States\u003cbr\u003e Nicaragua's Grand Canal: Huge Chinese Capital Already in Place\u003cbr\u003e China exploits the gap between the US and Latin America.\u003cbr\u003e Brazil's geography also hinders domestic transport.\u003cbr\u003e Argentina, with the best geographical advantages in Latin America\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 7: Africa, a Victim of European Geopolitics\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Geography is Africa's biggest obstacle.\u003cbr\u003e Borders drawn arbitrarily by Europeans\u003cbr\u003e The Democratic Republic of the Congo, the scene of Africa's version of World War II\u003cbr\u003e The Nile River's Water Resources: A Blessing and a Seed of Conflict\u003cbr\u003e The land of oil and Boko Haram\u003cbr\u003e Angola, plagued by internal and external exploitation\u003cbr\u003e China's approach to Africa: Once it has established a foothold, it will not easily leave. \u003cbr\u003eSouth Africa, which benefits from its geographical location\u003cbr\u003e Fighting the power of geography\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 8: The Middle East: Artificial Borders Sow Conflict\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Borders drawn with ink by the West\u003cbr\u003e Sunni, Shia, and numerous other sects within them\u003cbr\u003e Iraq, the place that Britain has put together in chaos\u003cbr\u003e Jordan, a country built by cutting out the headaches\u003cbr\u003e Lebanon, where the name of a mountain range became the name of a country\u003cbr\u003e Syria, a place of tension where the minority dominates the majority\u003cbr\u003e IS Plays a Game of Death\u003cbr\u003e Israel and Palestine\u003cbr\u003e A country of mountains, nuclear weapons, and oil\u003cbr\u003e Türkiye, destined to become a crossroads of history\u003cbr\u003e Arab Spring\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 9: India, Geographically Advantaged from the Start\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Pakistan inherits a troubled border with Afghanistan.\u003cbr\u003e The Partition of the Indian Subcontinent and the Great Slaughter\u003cbr\u003e Pakistan was at a disadvantage compared to India from the start.\u003cbr\u003e The clash between the two countries is not over yet \u003cbr\u003eAfghanistan, making itself the enemy of its enemies\u003cbr\u003e Pakistan, the Taliban, and the United States\u003cbr\u003e The US Becomes India's New Ally\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChapter 10: The Arctic: A Battleground for 21st-Century Economic and Diplomatic Conflicts\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The Long History of Arctic Exploration\u003cbr\u003e As the ice melts, the sea route opens up.\u003cbr\u003e Fierce competition surrounding the Arctic\u003cbr\u003e The US lacks an Arctic strategy, while Russia is the Arctic's strongest player.\u003cbr\u003e Gaming in the Arctic must be different\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Conclusion: Facing a New Geographic Reality Together\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eDetailed image\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/image.yes24.com\/momo\/TopCate3017\/MidCate008\/301670976(1).jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Detailed Image 1\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eInto the book\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e Vladimir Putin describes himself as a devout supporter of the Russian Orthodox Church.\u003cbr\u003e If this were true, he might ask God this every night before he goes to sleep:\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “God, why didn’t you spread out the mountains in Ukraine?”\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eIf God had spread out the mountainous terrain in Ukraine, the powers on the other side would not have been tempted to invade Russian lands so steadily across the vast plains of the Northern European Plain.\u003cbr\u003e In this situation, even Putin has no other choice.\u003cbr\u003e All that is left is to manage the plains that stretch out to the west.\u003cbr\u003e And no country, big or small, can be an exception to this situation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.8\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Korea has served as a transit point for major powers because of its location and lack of natural geographical barriers.\u003cbr\u003e Even if another country were to invade from the north, there would be virtually no natural barriers to crossing the Yalu River and advancing to the sea.\u003cbr\u003e Conversely, the situation is the same even if you enter by land from the sea.\u003cbr\u003e Japan has a military alliance with the United States because of China, and has recently shown signs of reviving militarism.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.17\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eChinese ships continue to face challenges the moment they leave the South China Sea, whether heading for the Pacific or the Indian Ocean.\u003cbr\u003e But without this waterway to transport gas and crude oil to China, its very survival would be impossible.\u003cbr\u003e China must protect this route at all costs.\u003cbr\u003e Not only to export the country's products to the market, but also to import the raw materials needed to make those products, such as crude oil, gas, and precious metals.\u003cbr\u003e So, the possibility of being blocked is unthinkable.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.50\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “If China can avoid friction with Japan or the United States, the only danger to China is itself.\u003cbr\u003e There are 1.4 billion reasons why China can succeed.\u003cbr\u003e There are also 1.4 billion reasons why China cannot surpass the United States to become the world's most powerful nation.\u003cbr\u003e But China is not free from the framework of the global economy.”\u003cbr\u003e --- p.53\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eWith a single $15 million purchase, the United States doubled its territory in 1803 by purchasing Louisiana.\u003cbr\u003e This meant securing the world's best [inland waterway transportation rights].\u003cbr\u003e Regarding this, American historian Henry Adams wrote:\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e “The United States has never received so much for its investment.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia.\u003cbr\u003e This was even mocked as \"Seward's Madness\" after the then Secretary of State, William Seward, who had made the deal happen.\u003cbr\u003e He bought Alaska for a total of $7.2 million, which equates to 2 cents per acre.\u003cbr\u003e The press sneered at this as a case of a mountain with only a few snowballs, but the story was quickly forgotten when gold was discovered in the area in 1896.\u003cbr\u003e And then, decades later, a huge oil field was discovered.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.63\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eAs ideological divisions within the eurozone unfold following the 2008 financial crisis, the deep-rooted divisions in Europe's history remain influential.\u003cbr\u003e In 2012, a bailout was implemented in Europe to save Greece from default and keep it in the euro zone.\u003cbr\u003e As soon as Greece's austerity measures were decided and their implementation demanded, [geographic divisions] became apparent.\u003cbr\u003e The donors and requesters were northern countries, and the recipients and petitioners were southern countries.\u003cbr\u003e The eurozone countries had entered into an economic marriage that was, as Greece emphasized, in sickness and in health, but when the crisis of 2008 erupted, the rich countries were forced to bail out the poorer ones, sparking a fierce backlash within the rich countries. \u003cbr\u003eAnd these spouses are still growling at each other and throwing plates at each other.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.107\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The long-held dream of opening a [sea route with warm waters] is a desire that Russia has not fully achieved even today, two hundred years later, and therefore still cannot give up.\u003cbr\u003e Russia's difficult experience in Afghanistan is often compared to America's experience in the Vietnam War, and Afghanistan is often called \"Russia's Vietnam,\" but it was much more than that.\u003cbr\u003e The Kandahar Plain and the Hindu Kush Mountains proved that Afghanistan is the graveyard of empires.\u003cbr\u003e The absence of a floating port with direct access to the ocean has always been Russia's Achilles' heel.\u003cbr\u003e This is especially true given that it has strategic importance, much like the Nordic Plains. \u003cbr\u003eRussia, despite its geographical weakness, has managed to avoid becoming a weaker country thanks to its oil and natural gas reserves.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.134\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The African coastline? It's truly a beautiful coastline, but it's also home to some truly formidable natural harbors.\u003cbr\u003e So what about rivers? Rivers are wonderful, but in reality, most are useless for transporting anything.\u003cbr\u003e Even taking this into account, what about waterfalls that appear almost every 10 kilometers?\u003cbr\u003e The problem, however, is that we have now identified only two reasons from a long list of reasons why Africa has not achieved the political and technological success of Western Europe or North America.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.221\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e What is the \"Middle\"? What is the \"East\" from? This name is based on the European perspective on the world. \u003cbr\u003eSo to speak, it is their own perspective on the region, shaped by the Europeans themselves.\u003cbr\u003e They drew lines on the map with ink.\u003cbr\u003e Those lines, which do not exist in reality, created unprecedented artificial borders.\u003cbr\u003e And attempts to redraw it are drawing blood.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.255\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e So what did Pakistan gain? Clearly, it gained far less than India.\u003cbr\u003e First of all, Pakistan inherited India's most troubled border, the northwestern border with Afghanistan.\u003cbr\u003e Pakistan lags far behind India geographically, economically, demographically, and militarily.\u003cbr\u003e Moreover, national identity is not as strong as in India.\u003cbr\u003e On the other hand, India, despite its vast area, cultural diversity, and various separatist movements, has built a solid secular democratic system with a unified concept of [Indian identity]. \u003cbr\u003eHowever, Pakistan is an Islamic country with a history marked by dictatorship, and its people have a higher loyalty to their cultural region than to the nation.\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e --- p.312\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003ePublisher's Review\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e \u003cb\u003eWhat is happening around the world right now [because of geography]?\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eWhy is [China] so obsessed with the sea that it causes territorial disputes? Why is [Russia] so obsessed with the Crimean Peninsula that it cannot become a superpower because of its geographical Achilles' heel? Why is [Southern Europe] more vulnerable to financial crises than Western Europe? Why was [the United States] bound to become a superpower? Why is THAAD deployed in [South Korea]? Why is [India] growing faster than [Pakistan]? What on earth did European colonialists do in [the Middle East and Africa] that bloody wars continue even now? Why is development slow in [Latin America] and Africa? Why is the world heading towards the [Arctic] and not the South Pole? The answers to these questions lie in [geography].\u003cbr\u003e This book examines these problems in each region in detail.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eIt is time to look into [geo] in geoeconomics and geopolitics!\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThe 21st century is an era of new forms of hegemonic competition, the [New Great Game], in which conflicts over territory and resources take place.\u003cbr\u003e Therefore, the author says, we have now entered an era in which [one cannot properly understand the world without knowing geography].\u003cbr\u003e It is time to look into [geo] in geoeconomics and geopolitics.\u003cbr\u003e Our lives have always been shaped by the land we live on.\u003cbr\u003e War, power, politics, and even the social development that humans have achieved today have all been shaped by geographic characteristics.\u003cbr\u003e Of course, modern technology can help alleviate this problem to some extent.\u003cbr\u003e But geography tells us that unless humanity continually strives to overcome its laws, it will overcome us.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe Power of Geography in [10 Major Regions of the World] with Maps\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThis book divides the world into 10 regions and explains each region with a full map at the front.\u003cbr\u003e It covers a geopolitical legacy that begins with the past (the formation of the nation), extends to the most pressing challenges we face today (China's growing influence, the fragmentation of Western Europe, etc.), and looks to the future (the growing competition over the Arctic).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e - China, dreaming of becoming a [maritime power] from a continental country after 4,000 years\u003cbr\u003e - The United States became the world's most powerful nation through geographical blessings and [strategic territorial acquisitions].\u003cbr\u003e Western Europe, where both [ideological division] and [geographic division] are being felt\u003cbr\u003e - Russia, the largest country but with a [geographic Achilles' heel]\u003cbr\u003e - Korea, which became a transit point for major powers due to its [geographical characteristics]\u003cbr\u003e - Japan is forming a military alliance with the United States to [check China], its biggest concern.\u003cbr\u003e Latin America, trapped in a vast [geographic prison] with an empty interior. \u003cbr\u003e- Africa, a victim of geopolitics created by Europeans\u003cbr\u003e - The Middle East, where artificial borders are the seeds of conflict\u003cbr\u003e - India and Pakistan, geographically different from the start\u003cbr\u003e - The Arctic, the arena of economic and diplomatic competition in the 21st century\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003e“The time has come when ideology will be dealt a [revengeful blow] by geography!”\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Covering conflicts and strife around the world, the author realized that “ideologies ebb and flow, but geography remains constant over time.”\u003cbr\u003e In Europe, the threats of Charlemagne, Napoleon, Hitler, and the Soviet Union have faded over time, but the Nordic Plains, the Carpathians, and the North Sea remain.\u003cbr\u003e Even today, when the borders of nation-states have been erased, Putin is looking at the same map that Ivan IV saw back in the day. \u003cbr\u003eThe European Union, which has also had the ideology of a closer union at its core, has been gradually weakening its ideology since the 2008 financial crisis.\u003cbr\u003e The author says, “We have entered an era where ideology is being dealt a vengeful blow by geography.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eKorea, which became a transit point for major powers due to its geographical characteristics\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Korea has continued to serve as a transit point for major powers even in the 21st century due to its location and the absence of natural geographical barriers within the Korean Peninsula.\u003cbr\u003e Even if another country were to invade from the north, there would be virtually no natural barriers to crossing the Yalu River and advancing to the sea.\u003cbr\u003e Conversely, the situation is the same even if you enter by land from the sea.\u003cbr\u003e Because of these geographical characteristics, it has been the target of conquest, occupation, and plunder for centuries, including invasions by the Mongols, the Manchurian Qing Dynasty, and Japan.\u003cbr\u003e This is still the case in the 21st century. \u003cbr\u003eThe author says that the uncomplicated geography of the Korean Peninsula also made an artificial division between the South and the North possible.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eJapan forms a military alliance with the United States to check China, its biggest concern.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Japan is a country where three-quarters of its land is uninhabitable and where natural resources are severely lacking.\u003cbr\u003e Due to its geographical characteristics as an island nation, it was once isolated, but now it is trying to revive militarism by choosing [military intervention] to jump into the world.\u003cbr\u003e Japan is seeking to form a military alliance with the United States to contain China and is also seeking to revise its postwar constitution, which prohibits it from maintaining an army.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eChina, a continental country that dreams of becoming a maritime power after 4,000 years\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e China has never had a decent naval force.\u003cbr\u003e Because of its vast landmass, long borders, and short sea routes, there was no need to become a maritime power. \u003cbr\u003eIn other words, China was a country of [land forces].\u003cbr\u003e However, China, which [had spent 4,000 years in chaos trying to pacify its vast lands], is now transforming into a maritime power by building a powerful ocean-going navy.\u003cbr\u003e In other words, it is transforming [from a land nation to a maritime power].\u003cbr\u003e Recognizing that it is difficult to become a hegemonic power in the 21st century without international naval power, China is waging territorial disputes in various oceans and straits, including the East China Sea and the South China Sea.\u003cbr\u003e The reason China is so obsessed with [sea routes] is because these routes allow its products to be exported overseas and also bring in the resources to make those products.\u003cbr\u003e If the straits that transport gas and crude oil to China and the oceans that enable trade are blocked, China will inevitably become isolated.\u003cbr\u003e In other words, [survival itself becomes impossible].\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eterritorial disputes surrounding the South China Sea\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThe South China Sea, in particular, is a place of fierce competition between China and its neighboring countries.\u003cbr\u003e The dispute extends beyond ownership of the islands to natural resources and control of the oceans and shipping lanes, over which China seeks to assert control, putting its national pride on the line.\u003cbr\u003e However, in July and December 2016, the Permanent Court of Arbitration ruled in a South China Sea sovereignty arbitration case filed by the Philippines that “China has no legal basis to claim historic rights to the nine-dash line in the South China Sea,” and that “China’s claim is invalid.”\u003cbr\u003e However, China has opposed the ruling and has stated that it has no intention of accepting the outcome.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe United States, which became the world's most powerful nation through geographical blessings and [strategic territorial acquisitions]\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In a word, America is a place blessed with [climate and geography]. \u003cbr\u003eBy uniting the region from the Atlantic to the Pacific, the country secured a geographic position that was difficult to invade by force.\u003cbr\u003e In particular, the United States rose to the position of a great power by strategically purchasing territory. In particular, the Louisiana Purchase, called [a stroke of genius], secured the Mississippi River basin, [acquired Florida] brought it to the Pacific Ocean, and the [Alaska Purchase], which was criticized as a purchase the size of a bundle of snow, brought enormous wealth to the country as gold and oil were discovered there.\u003cbr\u003e The United States, which had become the world's strongest economic and military power after the war, gained hegemony not only in the Pacific but also in the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea with its powerful naval force, and went so far as to establish bases directly in the East China Sea and on Japan's Okinawa Island.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eWill China ever catch up with the United States?\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The only real threat to the United States today is China. \u003cbr\u003eExperts predict that by the mid-21st century, China will overtake the United States and emerge as the world's most powerful nation.\u003cbr\u003e However, the author disagrees with that opinion.\u003cbr\u003e I think it will take at least a century.\u003cbr\u003e Economically, China has grown to rival the United States, but in terms of military power and strategy, it lags behind the United States by decades.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eWestern Europe, where both [ideological division] and [geographic division] are being felt\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Europe is also relatively blessed with geography.\u003cbr\u003e There is no true desert here.\u003cbr\u003e Glaciers are confined to some northern regions, and earthquakes, volcanoes, and large-scale floods are also rare.\u003cbr\u003e In particular, [rivers that connect to each other on the plains] are long and flat, making it easy for ships to sail and navigate, which contributed greatly to the prosperity and growth of this region, and became the background for the birth of the first industrialized countries in this area.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eSouthern Europe does not enjoy these [geographical blessings].\u003cbr\u003e Spain and Greece suffer from [geographic discrimination] and are still struggling because of it.\u003cbr\u003e The eurozone countries had formed an economic marriage in sickness and in health, but when the Greek crisis erupted in 2012, a geographic divide quickly became apparent.\u003cbr\u003e The donors and requesters were northern countries, and the recipients and petitioners were southern countries.\u003cbr\u003e As Robert Kaplan points out, signs of a [revenge of geography] are being detected within the EU.\u003cbr\u003e These spouses are still growling at each other and throwing plates at each other.\u003cbr\u003e (See pages 106-107)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eBritain in glorious isolation?\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Britain sometimes set foot on the European continent and at other times chose [splendid isolation].\u003cbr\u003e Britain is in the middle of Europe, yet still outside of it.\u003cbr\u003e And this is a problem that needs to be solved. \u003cbr\u003eThe two issues that keep pushing Britain outside the European Union are [sovereignty] and [immigration].\u003cbr\u003e Britons, who voted to leave the European Union in 2016, believe other EU countries are trying to send more immigrants to the UK.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eRussia, the largest country but with a geographical Achilles' heel\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Russia is the largest country on Earth, with a whopping 11 time zones.\u003cbr\u003e But Russia has a geographical Achilles' heel that makes it difficult for it to become a true great power.\u003cbr\u003e It is the [absence of a floating port] that provides access to the ocean.\u003cbr\u003e Even Vladivostok, the largest port on the Pacific Ocean, is ice-bound for four months a year. \u003cbr\u003eThis blocks Russia's desire for free access to the world's major trade routes through ports with warm waters that do not freeze even in winter, and above all, it hinders the Russian fleet from operating as a major power.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e But Russia is using [gas and oil] as a weapon that is more powerful than its military.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eLatin America, trapped in a vast geographic prison with an empty interior\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In the early 2010s, many scholars and the media became so excited that the so-called [Latin American era] had begun that it became a trend.\u003cbr\u003e Of course, that era has not yet arrived, and the region's potential has not yet been fully realized.\u003cbr\u003e The Latin American continent is like a [vast geographical prison], with mountainous terrain and dense jungles dominating its interior. \u003cbr\u003eOvercoming the distance constraints that separate them is also no easy task, making it difficult to build transportation infrastructure on this continent.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eAfrica, a victim of the geopolitics created by Europeans\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The land where Homo sapiens first appeared nearly 500,000 years ago.\u003cbr\u003e Despite the advantage of such an early start, geography is Africa's biggest obstacle and the impact of isolation is also clearly evident.\u003cbr\u003e Africa has many large rivers, but they mostly fall from high altitudes, forming huge waterfalls and not connecting to each other.\u003cbr\u003e Therefore, [the geographical problem of not being able to use rivers as trade routes] is a fatal weakness for the economic development of this region.\u003cbr\u003e This is the exact opposite of the situation in European rivers.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEuropean colonial powers arbitrarily drew borders in Africa, and even today, many Africans are held back by the geopolitics created by Europeans and the natural barriers that impede their development.\u003cbr\u003e The colonial policy of forcibly uniting different tribes within a single nation is the cause of many civil wars witnessed in Africa today.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe Middle East, where artificial borders are the seeds of conflict\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The Middle East, like Africa, clearly shows the problems caused by artificial borders drawn by Europeans that ignore topographical features.\u003cbr\u003e Arbitrarily creating a nation-state by bringing together people who are not accustomed to living together in one area is never a recipe for justice, equality, or stability. \u003cbr\u003eAttempts to mend this line are causing bloodshed in the Middle East today.\u003cbr\u003e Moreover, the reality in the Middle East today is that while Al Qaeda is dominating the headlines by killing people, ISIS is taking over [territory] by killing people.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe Arctic, a battleground for economic and diplomatic competition in the 21st century\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated that the Arctic holds approximately 1,669 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, 44 billion barrels of natural gas liquids, and 90 billion barrels of crude oil.\u003cbr\u003e Therefore, this place is currently becoming the most fiercely contested arena.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eRecommendation\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e This book shows how geography shapes not only history but also human destiny.\u003cbr\u003e In today's increasingly complex and confusing yet interconnected world, this book serves as a concise introduction and introductory text to geography, geoeconomics, and geopolitics.\u003cbr\u003e - Newsweek\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThe author's attempt to view the world through the lens of geography offers a new perspective on geography.\u003cbr\u003e Anyone interested in geography, history, and politics will be drawn into it.\u003cbr\u003e - The New York Times\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e This book reminds us of the important position geography holds in international affairs.\u003cbr\u003e Marshall, a long-time foreign affairs editor at Britain's Sky News, says:\u003cbr\u003e “Ideologies ebb and flow, but the geopolitical truths that shape our lives remain constant.” - The Financial Times\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Very helpful.\u003cbr\u003e An accessible introduction to the geography and geopolitics of virtually every region on Earth.\u003cbr\u003e I'm glad to have discovered [Popular Geography] amidst the abundance of popular economics and history books.\u003cbr\u003e - BMIResearch.com\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e It's very concise, but it's one of the best books imaginable on geopolitics. \u003cbr\u003eAs we read this book, we experience a broadening of our horizons of understanding.\u003cbr\u003e The author is cool, perceptive, and masterfully covers a wide range of material in an accessible and coherent way.\u003cbr\u003e It's surprising that, despite the complexity of the issues it deals with, it's so hard to let go.\u003cbr\u003e I wonder if there is a book that better describes the reality of the world today.\u003cbr\u003e - Evening Standard\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e This book is a timely reminder that despite technological advancements, geography has always held its own, and even world leaders cannot help but succumb to it.\u003cbr\u003e - 《Geographical》\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e It is an excellent, stimulating and insightful book in every way.\u003cbr\u003e I never realized before how much physical geography affects political reality, but I now realize it. \u003cbr\u003eAs you read these books, you will experience the stimulation of a mixture of sharp analysis and almost poetic description.\u003cbr\u003e For readers who have ever wondered about the context behind overly simplistic news or international news headlines, this book will serve as an excellent guide to understanding.\u003cbr\u003e - From an Amazon.com book review\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \"]\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e GOODS SPECIFICS \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6em;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eDate of issue:\u003c\/strong\u003e August 1, 2016\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003ePage count, weight, size:\u003c\/strong\u003e 368 pages | 538g | 153*225*30mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eISBN13:\u003c\/strong\u003e 9788993178692\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eISBN10:\u003c\/strong\u003e 8993178690 \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\n\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/center\u003e","brand":"LIBRAIRIE COREENNE","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43894235070506,"sku":"111996","price":29.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0683\/2750\/5962\/files\/3d62cb6343bd26bcd507f5456a6073db.jpg?v=1765429631","url":"https:\/\/librairie.coreenne.fr\/en\/products\/111996","provider":"LIBRAIRIE COREENNE","version":"1.0","type":"link"}