{"product_id":"123537","title":"utilitarianism ","description":"\u003ccenter\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/tmgdisk01.cafe24.com\/images\/vs\/4172\/sv\/3jYGhtqATyIll1QpLr99VeWy55qRIt.png?v=1765126109\" style=\"max-width:100%;max-height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\u003ccenter\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center;font-size:30px;font-weight:bolder;line-height:1.6em\"\u003e utilitarianism \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-color:;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable align=\"center\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\u003ctbody style=\"border:0px\"\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"center\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-size:18px;color:black;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/image.yes24.com\/goods\/90610891\/XL\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%;{split_style6}padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e Description \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;word-break:break-all;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6em;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eBook Introduction\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e \u003cb\u003eWith Plato, Aristotle, and Kant\u003cbr\u003e John Stuart Mill, considered one of the four great ethical thinkers in Western philosophy\u003cbr\u003e The happiness of individuals and society he speaks of\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism is an ideology that seeks to harmonize individual pleasure and the happiness of society as a whole by pursuing 'the greatest happiness of the greatest number.'\u003cbr\u003e Taking utility as the standard for value judgment, the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by how much it contributes to increasing human benefit and happiness.\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism was founded by the 19th-century British social thinker Jeremy Bentham and continued by John Stuart Mill.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Bentham did not recognize the qualitative difference in pleasure and argued for 'quantitative utilitarianism', which states that pleasure can be measured.\u003cbr\u003e On the other hand, Mill argued for 'qualitative utilitarianism', which acknowledged qualitative differences in pleasure. \u003cbr\u003eHe argued that intellectual and moral pleasures are superior to physical pleasures.\u003cbr\u003e He also distinguished between happiness and satisfaction, stating that the former has a higher value than the latter, and expressed it in the following words:\u003cbr\u003e “Better a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied.”\u003cbr\u003e “Better a Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied.” In this way, Mill distinguished between the qualities of happiness and linked moral norms and duties to the pursuit of happiness, which has a qualitatively higher and nobler character.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Over the past two centuries, Utilitarianism has had a very wide influence.\u003cbr\u003e Many philosophers have been influenced by Mill, and his philosophy is also relevant to us as members of society.\u003cbr\u003e By examining and reflecting on Mill's arguments, readers will be able to establish their own positions on right and wrong, and happiness.\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e You can preview some of the book's contents. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePreview\u003c\/span\u003e\n\n\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eindex\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e Chapter 1 General Provisions\u003cbr\u003e Chapter 2: What is Utilitarianism?\u003cbr\u003e Chapter 3: On the Ultimate Sanction of the Principle of Utility\u003cbr\u003e Chapter 4 What kind of proof can the principle of axiom provide?\u003cbr\u003e Chapter 5: On the Relationship Between Justice and Axiom\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e John Stuart Mill's Chronology\u003cbr\u003e Release - Lee Jong-in\u003cbr\u003e Commentary on the work - Lee Jong-in\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eDetailed image\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/image.yes24.com\/momo\/TopCate3689\/MidCate009\/368880328.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Detailed Image 1\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003eInto the book\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e It is better to be a dissatisfied human being than a satisfied pig.\u003cbr\u003e It is better to be a dissatisfied Socrates than a satisfied fool.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.27\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The happiness that utilitarian philosophers talk about is not a life of mad ecstasy.\u003cbr\u003e In a life made up of a few temporary pains and many diverse pleasures, those moments when positivity overwhelms negativity and when we do not expect more than life can provide as the foundation of our entire existence, those moments are what we call happiness.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.33\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eI repeat here:\u003cbr\u003e Those who attack utilitarianism unfairly never admit it, but the utilitarian standard (happiness) that proves the rightness of human action is not the happiness of the agent himself, but the happiness of all those involved.\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism requires that an agent act impartially, like a disinterested and benevolent bystander, between his own happiness and the happiness of others.\u003cbr\u003e We find the essence of a complete utilitarian ethic in the Golden Rule of Jesus of Nazareth.\u003cbr\u003e To do as we would have others do to us and to love our neighbors as ourselves—this is the perfect ideal of utilitarian ethics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.41~42\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Strengthening social bonds and the healthy growth of society provide each individual with a strong personal interest in caring for the welfare of others. \u003cbr\u003eMoreover, it makes one's feelings increasingly aligned with the interests of others and makes one take those interests into more practical consideration.\u003cbr\u003e Thus, as if instinct dictates, each individual becomes aware of himself as someone who should naturally care about the welfare of others.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e --- p.69\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e I reject any fictitious standard of justice that is not based on axioms, but I do believe that axiom-based justice is the most important, and also the most sacred and binding, part of all morality.\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e --- p.116\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \",\"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ch5\u003e \u003cb\u003ePublisher's Review\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/h5\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e \u003cb\u003eWhat is utilitarianism, the 'greatest happiness for the greatest number'?\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism is an ideology that uses utility as the standard for value judgment.\u003cbr\u003e The rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its usefulness and consequences, which are how much it contributes to increasing human benefit and happiness. \u003cbr\u003eThe original word for '공리' (功利) is 'utility', which means usefulness and usefulness. If we apply the dictionary definition, it means something that is helpful in achieving the goal of happiness.\u003cbr\u003e According to Mill's argument, since one can reach happiness through utility, it is okay to read utility as happiness and utilitarianism as eudaemonism.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In a broad sense, utilitarianism refers to a philosophical and ideological tendency that places the greatest value on pleasure, such as happiness and utility.\u003cbr\u003e Many philosophers, from Epicurus and Aristotle to Kant, shared this idea.\u003cbr\u003e On the other hand, utilitarianism in the narrow sense that many people are familiar with refers to the ideas founded by Jeremy Bentham and developed by John Stuart Mill.\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism views humans as beings with a natural tendency to always pursue pleasure and happiness and avoid pain. \u003cbr\u003eFurthermore, the standards for ethical judgment on human behavior are also based on this utilitarian view of humanity, according to which good actions are those that contribute to increasing human pleasure and happiness, while evil actions are those that increase suffering and unhappiness.\u003cbr\u003e Furthermore, it is said that in order to maximize the happiness of society, as many people as possible should be able to enjoy as much happiness as possible.\u003cbr\u003e Therefore, the goal of utilitarianism appears to be the realization of ‘the greatest happiness of the greatest number.’\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Utilitarianism is divided into Bentham's 'quantitative utilitarianism', which argued for the quantification of pleasure, and John Stuart Mill's 'qualitative utilitarianism', which acknowledged the qualitative difference in pleasure.\u003cbr\u003e Bentham believed that acting in accordance with human nature to pursue pleasure and avoid pain would bring the greatest happiness to both individuals and society as a collection of individuals. \u003cbr\u003eHe did not recognize qualitative differences in pleasure, considered pleasure to be quantifiable, and attempted to calculate it using seven scales.\u003cbr\u003e And he presented 'the greatest happiness of the greatest number' as the principle of morality and legislation.\u003cbr\u003e However, Mill modified Bentham's ideas by arguing for qualitative differences in pleasure.\u003cbr\u003e Mill believed that humans have abilities beyond their animal nature and therefore pursue higher and more noble pleasures.\u003cbr\u003e Soon it will be better to be a dissatisfied human being than a satisfied pig.\u003cbr\u003e “It is better to be a dissatisfied Socrates than a satisfied fool.”\u003cbr\u003e And unlike Bentham, who valued political sanctions by law, Mill valued humanity as an internal sanction of conscience.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe influence of utilitarianism on later generations\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e J.\u003cbr\u003e S. Mill is considered one of the four greatest ethical thinkers in Western philosophy, along with Plato, Aristotle, and Kant. \u003cbr\u003eHis book, Utilitarianism, is the definitive work on utilitarianism.\u003cbr\u003e The influence of utilitarianism over the past two centuries has been far-reaching.\u003cbr\u003e Until the 20th century, many philosophers modified and developed the theory of utilitarianism in various forms, and its influence was deeply permeated in law, political science, and economics.\u003cbr\u003e For example, the principle of utility, which determines the goodness and evil of an act based on the standard of pleasure, governs all social actions, including legislation and politics.\u003cbr\u003e Because the pursuit of personal utility does not necessarily result in social utility, the law must regulate and coordinate individual behavior to realize social utility.\u003cbr\u003e And in order to realize social public good, the unfair benefits of those in power must be eliminated.\u003cbr\u003e This is where a democratic parliamentary system becomes necessary. \u003cbr\u003eThat is why, in the early 19th century, Bentham and Mill and others launched a movement for parliamentary reform through universal\/secret elections, and played a major role in the first electoral reform in 1832.\u003cbr\u003e This amendment gave the right to vote, previously reserved only for the aristocracy and a very wealthy few, to industrial capitalists and the middle class.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Moreover, utilitarianism supports economic liberalism because it assumes the selfishness of individuals who pursue pleasure and happiness.\u003cbr\u003e In fact, utilitarianism became the ideology of liberal economic reform in early 19th-century Britain, which advocated the abolition of the Corn Laws (laws that regulated grain imports to protect the interests of landowners) and free trade.\u003cbr\u003e However, from a utilitarian perspective, government intervention and social legislation for distribution are justified if they help increase social utility. \u003cbr\u003eIn particular, Mill acknowledged the qualitative differences in pleasure and suggested directions for social improvement through labor legislation, protection of the right to organize, and the advocacy of land sharing.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e In this way, utilitarianism had a great influence on the development of democratic political systems based on the 'principle of majority rule' and welfare ideology that emphasized gradual distribution and equality within the framework of protecting private property.\u003cbr\u003e In particular, in Britain, it provided an ideological basis for those who advocated Fabian socialism (an ideology that seeks to develop democratic socialism while pursuing gradualist policies rather than revolutionary ones) and became an important source of British social thought.\u003cbr\u003e It also had a major influence on the establishment of the marginal utility theory in economics (the theory that the value of a good is determined by the extent to which it satisfies human desires, and that its value declines after satisfying human desires).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe most understandable complete translation of Utilitarianism\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eMill's English is very difficult and hard to understand.\u003cbr\u003e They say you have to read it at least three times to understand it to some extent.\u003cbr\u003e That's why we aimed to translate this complex text into something as readable as possible.\u003cbr\u003e Translator Lee Jong-in's meticulous annotations and commentary on the work make \"Utilitarianism\" an accessible introduction for those new to Mill, and a springboard for readers already familiar with Mill to delve deeper.\u003cbr\u003e By examining and reflecting on Mill's arguments, readers will be able to establish their own positions on what is right and wrong in society and on happiness.\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e \"]\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:95%;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:20px\"\u003e GOODS SPECIFICS \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6em;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eDate of issue:\u003c\/strong\u003e June 18, 2020\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003ePage count, weight, size:\u003c\/strong\u003e 216 pages | 286g | 150*225*20mm\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eISBN13:\u003c\/strong\u003e 9791190878142\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:1.6em;font-size:14px\"\u003e - \u003cstrong\u003eISBN10:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1190878143 \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"height:10px\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\n\u003c\/center\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/center\u003e","brand":"LIBRAIRIE COREENNE","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43894178480170,"sku":"123537","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0683\/2750\/5962\/files\/03265441561b31d09828043214030c42.jpg?v=1765429312","url":"https:\/\/librairie.coreenne.fr\/en\/products\/123537","provider":"LIBRAIRIE COREENNE","version":"1.0","type":"link"}