Chapter 1: Why Are There So Many Definitions of Justice?

Chapter 2: Definitions for Understanding Justice

Chapter 3: Plato's Absurd Harmony

Chapter 4: Thomas More's Uneasy Utopia

Chapter 5: Kant's Moral and All-too-Moral Will

Chapter 6: The Greatest Happiness is the Greatest Unhappiness

Chapter 7: Creating a Good Society of Selfish Good People

Chapter 8: There is no such thing as social justice.

Chapter 9: The Veil of Ignorance

Chapter 10: Is the Community on the Citizen's Side?

Chapter 11: Can Charity Save the Community?

Chapter 12: Utopia is nowhere

Chapter 13: A Sad and Brave New World

Chapter 14: The Welfare State in Suspicion

Chapter 15: Justice is a Struggle for Recognition

Each philosopher's theory of justice is presented from Chapter 3, and Chapters 3 and 4 are about the logic of ideal society, or utopia.
Plato, who appears in Chapter 3, dreams of a harmonious world while taking the hierarchical structure of the three classes for granted, but in fact, this world is an absurdity to some.
The subject of Chapter 4 is Thomas More.
He presents a world where private property is abolished, but it is a society based on patriarchy.
Plato and Thomas More speak of utopia, but for some it is hell.
In Chapter 5, we meet Kant.
His overly moralistic attitude only makes us question justice even more.
Chapter 6 is about Bentham's utilitarianism, symbolized by the principle of "the greatest happiness of the greatest number." Because utilitarianism focuses on the happiness of the greatest number, it completely ignores minorities.
Chapters 7 through 10 feature liberals, who discuss justice with freedom at the center.
However, there are different definitions depending on the point of view.
Chapter 7 is Adam Smith's view of justice.
He speaks of selfish good people, but he doubts whether a community of selfish people is truly just.
Chapter 8 celebrates the endless running of selfish people in the marketplace.
But inequality is getting worse.
Hayek sees inequality as a whip and urges us to work harder.
Chapter 9 discusses Rawls's theory of justice.
They argue that if people wore a 'veil of ignorance', they would make much more just judgments because no one would know what family they would be born into.
But is a self without connections truly possible? In Chapter 10, Michael Sandel criticizes this and argues for civic virtue.
However, Sandel also tends to take for granted the justice of the community in which he lives and emphasizes adaptation to it.
Chapters 11 through 14 deal with the egalitarian concept of justice.
Chapter 11 is about the Owen community.
He envisioned a just village, but the other members were objects of charity.
Chapter 12 deals with Marx's vision of a world in which private property has been abolished.
But this ideal is revealed in Chapter 13, Stalin's World, to be another world of oppression.
Chapter 14 deals with the definition of a universalist welfare state.
However, it is questionable whether justice can be achieved by leaving the class society as it is and furthermore, by the power of policymakers.
Chapter 15 fundamentally asks whether justice is just and raises the question of whether justice is a struggle for recognition.