Part 1: Introduction to Civil Law
Chapter 1 The Significance of Civil Law 2
Chapter 2 Courts of Civil Law 3
Chapter 3: Basic Principles and Interpretation of Civil Law 8

Part 2 General Provisions of Civil Law
Chapter 1 Legal Relationships and Rights and Obligations 14
Section 1 Legal Relationships (Rights Relationships) 14
Section 2 Principle of Good Faith 19
Chapter 2 Subjects of Rights 27
Section 1 General Provisions 27
Section 2 Natural Persons 29
Article 1. Natural Person's Legal Capacity 29
Chapter 2: Capacity of Natural Persons to Act 32
3rd section address, etc. 41
Chapter 4 Absence and Disappearance 41
Section 3 Legal Person 47
Chapter 1, General Provisions 47
Article 2 Establishment of Corporations 47
Article 3, Capacity of Corporations 50
Article 4, Section 52, Institutions of Corporations
Article 5 Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation 56
Article 6: Extinction of Corporations 57
Article 7: Incompetent Divisions and Foundations 61
Chapter 3 Object (Purpose) of Rights 66
Chapter 4 Changes in Rights 72
Section 1 Introduction 72
Section 2 Legal Acts 74
Chapter 1, General Provisions 74
Article 2 Contents (Purpose) of Legal Acts 77
Section 3: Expression of Intent 89
Article 1 Discrepancies between intention and indication 89
Chapter 2: Defective Expression of Intent (Fraud? Coercion) 98
Article 3. Effect of Expression of Intention with a Counterparty 102
Section 4, Substitute 107
Chapter 1, General Provisions 107
Chapter 2, Agent's Three-Party Relationship 108
3rd District Office, Bokdaeri 113
Article 4, Unauthorized Delegation 115
Section 5 Invalidity and Cancellation 127
Chapter 1, General Provisions 127
Article 2 Invalid 128
Article 3 Cancellation 134
Section 6 Conditions and Term 141
Section 7 Period 148
Section 8 Statute of Limitations 150
Chapter 1, General Provisions 150
Article 2 Requirements 152
Article 3 Obstacles to the Statute of Limitations (Interruption and Suspension) 158
Article 4 Effect of the Statute of Limitations 167

Part 3: General Theory of Bonds
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Law of Obligations 174
Section 1 General Bond Law 174
Section 2: Claims, Debts, and Payments 175
Chapter 2: Origination of Debt 178
Chapter 3 Purpose of Bonds 179
Section 1 Confirmation of Bond Contents 179
Section 2 Specific and Unspecified Property Claims 180
Section 1, Specific Property Claims 180
Chapter 2 Unspecified Debt 181
Chapter 4 Effect of Bonds 188
Section 1 Basic Effects of Bonds 188
Section 2 Performance of Obligations (Extinction of Claims) 189
Chapter 1, General Provisions 189
Article 2, Section 189
Article 3, Subrogation 202
Article 4, Deposit 203
Article 5, Section 206
Chapter 6, Section 213
Chapter 7 Other 214
Section 3 Default 219
Chapter 1, General Provisions 219
Chapter 2 Types of Default 221
Article 3 Remedies for Default 228
Section 4 Preservation of Liability Property 244
Article 1, Subrogation Rights of Creditors 244
Article 251 of the Creditor's Right of Cancellation
Chapter 5 Assignment of Claims and Assumption of Debts 264
Section 1 Assignment of Claims 264
Chapter 1, General Provisions 264
Article 265 Transfer of Designated Bonds
Article 3 Transfer of Securities 273
Section 2 Assumption of Debt 274
Chapter 6: Number of Creditors and Debtors 281
Section 1: Split Credits and Debt Relationships 281
Section 2: Indivisible Claims and Debt Relationships 283
Section 3 Joint and several obligations 285
Section 4: Joint and several debts 289
Section 5 Guaranteed Obligations 292

Part 4: Bonds in Detail
Chapter 1: General Provisions of Contracts 304
Section 1 Introduction to Contract Law 304
Section 2: Formation of a Contract 307
Section 3. Effect of Contract 314
Section 4 Termination/Cancellation of Contract 326
Chapter 1 Introduction 326
Termination of the Second Contract 326
Termination of the Third Contract 336
Chapter 2 Various Contracts 340
Section 1 Donation 340
Section 2 Every Every 343
Section 3 Exchange, Consumption Loan, and Use Loan 360
Section 4 Lease 364
Section 5 Employment 378
Section 6: Contract 380
Section 7 Travel Contract 387
Section 8 Delegation 390
Section 9: Lim Chi 394
Section 10: Combination 396
Section 11 Reconciliation 401
Chapter 3 Statutory Creditor Relationships 402
Section 1 Office Management 402
Section 2 Unjust Enrichment 405
Section 3 Unlawful Acts 416
Chapter 1 Introduction 416
Article 2 General Torts 417
Article 3 Special Unlawful Acts 422

Preface

The Certified Labor Attorney (CLA) first-stage exam system will be revamped starting in 2024. Accordingly, the actual 2024 exam questions will differ from the previous exam in both content and question types.
This shift remained in place in 2025, and it now appears that this modified approach will become the norm.

The analysis of past exam questions from the past two years revealed the following characteristics: ① many box-type questions were asked, which could be solved only by knowing the entire passage; ② multiple issues were asked as a single case-type question; and ③ the proportion of case law increased beyond the scope of asking simple articles.
Originally, the purpose of asking questions about precedents was to prevent errors in the exam, but now, by making the questions more difficult, a way to prevent errors in the exam is to ask about precedents. It seems that the proportion of precedents will gradually increase in the future.


This will likely have a significant impact on study methods.
This led to the revision of this book, which required supplementation of existing theories and addition of the latest case law.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Justice is 2025.
2. 7.
A partial amendment to the Civil Code has been announced for legislation.
Although I used the expression "partial" because it is not all, it can be seen as a virtual complete revision that is taking place for the first time in 67 years (especially with regard to contracts).
2025.
7. 17.
As of now, it has not passed the National Assembly, and it is unclear when it will pass, but for now, the amendment has been included.
If it is passed and implemented before the first test in 2026, there may be a problem where the revised law portion will have to be studied again as it is very different from what was previously studied.

This book has the following features:

First, this book is not a textbook for all civil law exams, but is a basic textbook for civil law only for the Certified Labor Attorney exam.
It was written with a focus on importance to achieve maximum effect with the minimum amount possible, taking into account the reality of absolute evaluation and the need to focus on the second exam.
As the author, having experienced the exam and gained practical experience, knows better than anyone what areas will actually be tested and what level of depth they will have, he gave the above-mentioned direction to writing as a top priority.
As a result, I am confident that this study guide will be sufficient to help you pass the first test.

Second, case law is sufficiently reflected.
We have included as many case laws as possible, especially to suit the new test type.
Of course, we have boldly excluded precedents that lack test suitability, but we are confident that the precedents in this book alone will be sufficient.
We have included as many Supreme Court precedents as possible in the current bar exam preparation materials.

Third, I underlined important passages so that I could finish by looking at only those parts at the end.


Fourth, in the previous two editions, we broke away from the previous practice of including some past exam questions and included only theory. However, due to the demand from test takers who wanted to review what they had learned through problem solving, we included some past exam questions for each unit.
I have provided explanations that are in line with the direction of the objective question book to be published in the future.


I hope that this book will be helpful to all those preparing for the Certified Labor Attorney qualification exam, and I have put a little effort into it.


Meanwhile, I would like to express my gratitude to Kang Do-won, CEO of Gyeongyeon Publishing, for his support in both material and spiritual aspects in publishing this book.

ⅲ

2025.
7.
Attorney Kim Gwang-su in Seocho-dong