PART 01 Introduction
CHAPTER 01
Principle of legality
01｜The Significance of the Principle of Legality 4
Ⅰ.
Concept 4
Ⅱ.
Feature 4
Ⅲ.
Effect of Violation 4
02｜Contents of the Principle of Legality 5
Ⅰ.
Principle of Written Law 5
1.
Meaning 5
2.
Permissions and Limitations of Delegated Legislation 5
3.
Prohibition of Customary Criminal Law 6
Ⅱ.
Principle 7 of Non-Retroactivity
1.
Meaning 7
2.
Scope 7
Ⅲ.
Principle 10 of Clarity
1.
Meaning 10
2.
Content 10
Ⅳ.
Principle 12 of the Prohibition of Analogical Interpretation
1.
Meaning 12
2.
Scope 12
V.
Principle of Appropriateness 15
1.
Meaning 15
2.
Content 16

CHAPTER 02
Scope of application of criminal law
01｜Temporal Scope of Criminal Law 17
Ⅰ.
Principle: Act-time principle 17
1.
Meaning 17
2.
Decision at the time of action 17
Ⅱ.
Exception: Principle of Judicial Review 19
1.
Article 1, Paragraph 2, Clause 19
2.
Article 1, Paragraph 3, Clause 23
3.
Article 1, Paragraphs 2 and 3: Exclusion from Application - Transitional Provisions 24
02｜Geographic Scope of Criminal Law 24
Ⅰ.
Territorialism 24
Ⅱ.
Flagship 25
Ⅲ.
Deception 25
Ⅳ.
Protectionism 26
V.
Globalism 27
Ⅵ.
The effect of execution of sentences received abroad 28
03｜Personal Scope of Criminal Law 28
Ⅰ.
Meaning 28
Ⅱ.
Domestic Legal Considerations 29
Ⅲ.
International Legal Considerations 29

PART 02 Criminology
CHAPTER 01
Basic concepts of crime
01｜The Meaning and Types of Crime 32
Ⅰ.
Elements of a crime, conditions for punishment, and conditions for prosecution 32
1.
Elements of a crime 32
2.
Punishment conditions for crimes 32
3.
Conditions for Prosecution of Crime 33
Ⅱ.
Type 34 of Crime
1.
Result/action crime 34
2.
Violator/Dangerous Offender 34
3.
Immediate offender, status offender, and continuing offender 35
4.
Common criminals, criminals with criminal status, and criminals who surrendered themselves 37
5.
Objective 37
6.
Kyunghyang Beom 37
7.
Expression offender 37
02｜Act Theory 38
03｜Criminal System Theory 38
04｜Subject and Object of Action 39
Ⅰ.
Subject of Action 39
1.
Natural person 39
2.
Criminal capacity of corporations 40
3.
Punishment for Corporations 40
Ⅱ.
Object of Action/Object of Protection 43

CHAPTER 02
Component requirements
01｜Constitutive Element Theory 44
02｜Result-Value and Action-Value 44
03｜Crime of Omission 45
Ⅰ.
Distinction between commission and omission 45
Ⅱ.
Offense of omission 46
1.
Distinction between true omission and negligent act 46
2.
General Requirements for the Establishment of a Crime of Omission 47
Ⅲ.
47 Unique Elements of the Crime of Acting in a Negative Government
1.
Guarantor status 48
2.
Equivalence of behavioral patterns 53
Ⅳ.
Related Issue 54
1.
Attempted crime of omission 54
2.
Offenders of Omission and Accomplices 54
3.
55. Negligence in the commission of an omission
04｜Causality and Objective Attribution 55
Ⅰ.
Causality 55
1.
Meaning 55
2.
Theory of Causality 56
3.
Case 57
Ⅱ.
Objective attribution 59
1.
Meaning 59
2.
Specific Judgment Criteria 59
3.
Case Law 60
05｜Constitutive Intention 62
Ⅰ.
Meaning 62
Ⅱ.
Content 62
1.
Intellectual Element 62
2.
Volitional Element 63
Ⅲ.
Type 63
1.
63. Intentional crime
2.
Indeterminate intent 64
Ⅳ.
Case 64
06｜Constitutive Error 66
Ⅰ.
66 Establishing the scope of discussion
Ⅱ.
Constitutive Error Problem 67
1.
Article 15, Paragraph 1 and Elementary Error 67
2.
Remaining component error 67
3.
Cases of Concurrent Incidents and Mistakes 72
4.
Mistakes regarding weighting and mitigating elements 72
Ⅲ.
Mistakes of Causality and General Intention 73
1.
Fallacy of Causality 73
2.
General Intention 73
07｜Fruit 75
Ⅰ.
Introduction 75
1.
The Meaning of Fruit 75
2.
Types of Fruit 75
Ⅱ.
Elements of a Negligence Crime 77
1.
Breach of objective duty of care 77
2.
Result 77
3.
Causality and Objective Attribution 77
Ⅲ.
Limitation Principle of Objective Duty of Care 79
1.
Theory of Acceptable Risk 79
2.
Principle of Trust 79
Ⅳ.
Issue 83 related to negligence
1.
Attempted crime of negligence 83
2.
Accomplice to Negligent Criminal 84
3.
Negligence in Action 84
08｜Consequential Aggravated Crime 84
Ⅰ.
Introduction 84
1.
The significance of the resulting weighting 84
2.
Aggravated Crime of Negligence 85
Ⅱ.
Requirements for the establishment of a consequential aggravated crime 87
1.
Basic Crime 87
2.
Occurrence of severe consequences 87
3.
Causality and Objective Attribution 87
4.
Foreseeability of serious consequences (negligence) 88
Ⅲ.
Related Issue 90
1.
90. Joint offenses with consequential aggravation
2.
91. Instructor and Aide to the Resultant Aggravated Crime
3.
Attempted crime with consequential aggravation 91

CHAPTER 03
illegality
01｜Theory of Illegality 93
Ⅰ.
The significance of illegality 93
Ⅱ.
The Essence of Illegality 93
Ⅲ.
Criteria for Judging Illegality 93
Ⅳ.
Reason for illegality 94
1.
Meaning 94
2.
Component 94
3.
Effect 94
V.
Subjective justification factor 95
1.
Meaning 95
2.
Content of subjective justification elements 95
3.
Resolution of the Accidental Defense (Lack of Subjective Justification) 95
02｜Self-Defense 97
Ⅰ.
Meaning 97
Ⅱ.
Establishment Requirement 97
1.
Legal Interests of Oneself and Others 97
2.
Current Unjust Infringement 98
3.
Defense Act 102
4.
Reason 102
Ⅲ.
Excessive defense and false defense 105
1.
Over-defense 105
2.
Five Directions 107
3.
Over-defense 107
03｜Emergency Evacuation 108
Ⅰ.
Meaning 108
Ⅱ.
Establishment Requirement 108
1.
Legal Interests of Oneself and Others 108
2.
Current Crisis 108
3.
Evacuation Act 109
4.
Reasonable Reason 110
Ⅲ.
Emergency Evacuation Special Rule 111
Ⅳ.
Excessive evacuation and misdirected evacuation 112
V.
Conflict of Duties 112
1.
Meaning 112
2.
Establishment Requirements 112
04｜Self-rescue action 113
Ⅰ.
Meaning 113
Ⅱ.
Establishment Requirement 113
1.
Self-help situation: It is impossible to preserve claims through legal procedures 113
2.
Self-help actions: actions taken to avoid the impossibility or significant difficulty of enforcing a claim 114
3.
Reason 114
Ⅲ.
Case 114
Ⅳ.
Excessive and misleading self-help 115
05 | Victim's Consent 116
Ⅰ.
Understanding 116
Ⅱ.
Victim's consent 117
1.
Meaning 117
2.
Establishment Requirement 117
3.
Case 118
Ⅲ.
Presumptive Consent 119
1.
Meaning 119
2.
Establishment Requirement 119
3.
Case 120
06｜Legitimate Activities 120
Ⅰ.
Meaning 120
Ⅱ.
Acts by Law 121
1.
Meaning 121
2.
Type 121
Ⅲ.
Work-related acts 127
1.
Meaning 127
2.
Type 128
Ⅳ.
Acts that do not violate social norms 131
1.
Meaning 131
2.
Type 131

CHAPTER 04
responsibility
01｜Responsibility Theory 136
Ⅰ.
The Meaning of Responsibility 136
Ⅱ.
Basis of Responsibility 136
Ⅲ.
The Nature of Responsibility 137
1.
Psychological Responsibility 137
2.
Normative Responsibility 137
3.
Preventive Responsibility (Functional Responsibility) 138
02｜Responsibility 138
Ⅰ.
Meaning 138
Ⅱ.
Incompetent Person 139
1.
Criminal Juvenile 139
2.
140 mentally unstable people
Ⅲ.
Person with limited liability 143
1.
Persons with weak minds and bodies 143
2.
143 hearing and speech impaired (deaf)
Ⅳ.
Free Acts in Cause 143
1.
Meaning 144
2.
Grounds for Punishment 144
3.
Types and Legal Effects 144
03｜Recognition of Illegality 146
Ⅰ.
The Significance of Recognizing Illegality 146
Ⅱ.
Systematic status of the recognition of illegality 146
1.
Intentional Theory 146
2.
Responsibility theory 147
04｜Forbidden Error 148
Ⅰ.
The Meaning of Forbidden Error 148
1.
Meaning 148
2.
Type 148
Ⅱ.
Article 16 of the Criminal Act, "Justifiable Reason," 149
1.
Judgment Criteria 150
2.
Case Law 150
Ⅲ.
Mistake in the predicate facts of the grounds for excluding illegality 152
1.
Meaning 152
2.
Legal Effects 152
05｜Possibility of Expectation 154
Ⅰ.
The significance of expectability 154
Ⅱ.
Judgment Criteria 155
Ⅲ.
Forced Act 156
1.
Meaning 156
2.
This is 156
3.
Effect 157
4.
Case 157

CHAPTER 05
Missouri
01｜General Theory of Attempted Crimes 158
Ⅰ.
Stage 158 of the Crime
1.
Criminal Determination 158
2.
Preliminary and Conspiracy 158
3.
Missed 158
4.
rider 158
5.
End 158
02｜Attempted Disability 159
Ⅰ.
Meaning 159
Ⅱ.
Establishment requirements 159
1.
Subjective Constituent Element 159
2.
Commencement of Execution 159
3.
Unfinished Crime 160
Ⅲ.
Case 161
03｜Attempted Suspension 162
Ⅰ.
Meaning 162
Ⅱ.
Establishment requirements 162
1.
Subjective Requirement 162
2.
Objective Requirement 163
Ⅲ.
Case 164
Ⅳ.
Related Issue 165
1.
Reserve Stop 165
2.
Accomplice and Attempted Murder 166
04｜Attempted Impossible 167
Ⅰ.
Meaning 167
Ⅱ.
Establishment Requirements 168
1.
Subjective Requirement 168
2.
Objective Requirement 168
Ⅲ.
Case 169
05｜Preliminary Crime 171
Ⅰ.
Meaning 171
Ⅱ.
Establishment requirements 172
1.
Subjective Requirement 172
2.
Objective Requirement 172
Ⅲ.
Case 172
Ⅳ.
Related Issue 173
1.
Accomplice to the crime of premeditated murder 173
2.
Attempted crime 174

CHAPTER 06
Accomplice theory
01｜Accomplice Theory 175
Ⅰ.
Introduction 175
1.
Criminal Participation Type 175
2.
Voluntary Accomplice/Necessary Accomplice 175
Ⅱ.
Distinction between principal and accomplice 179
1.
The concept of the offender 179
2.
Criteria for Distinguishing Between a Principal and an Accomplice 179
Ⅲ.
Accomplice's Dependency 181
1.
Presence or absence of dependency 181
2.
Degree of dependence 182
02｜Indirect Perpetrator 182
Ⅰ.
The significance of indirect perpetrators 182
Ⅱ.
Requirements for establishing an indirect perpetrator 183
1.
User - A person who is not punished for an act (or a person who is punished for a negligent act) 183
2.
Use Act 184
3.
Related Case 184
Ⅲ.
Punishment of indirect perpetrators 185
1.
Punishment of indirect perpetrators 185
2.
Punishment for attempted indirect crime 186
Ⅳ.
Special Education Teacher/Assistant 186
03｜Joint Criminal 186
Ⅰ.
The significance of joint crime 186
Ⅱ.
Requirements for Establishing Joint Principal Offenders 187
1.
Subjective Requirement 187
2.
Objective Requirements 192
Ⅲ.
Accomplice's Mistake 198
Ⅳ.
Punishment of accomplices 198
V.
Simultaneous Offender 199
1.
The significance of simultaneous offenses 199
2.
Conflict of Independent Acts under Article 19 199
3.
Special provisions for simultaneous offenses under Article 263 200
04｜Teacher 202
Ⅰ.
The significance of teacher crime 202
Ⅱ.
Requirements for the establishment of a teacher-teacher crime 202
1.
Teacher Requirements 202
2.
Requirements for Teachers 203
3.
Related Case 203
Ⅲ.
Teacher's Mistake 204
1.
Mistake of Specific Facts 205
2.
Fallacy of Abstract Facts 205
Ⅳ.
Punishment of Teacher Offenders 207
V.
Related Issue 207
1.
Teacher's Teacher (Indirect Teacher) 207
2.
Teacher's Attempt 208
3.
Teacher-to-be 208
05｜Jongbeom 209
Ⅰ.
The Meaning of Accomplices 209
Ⅱ.
Requirements for accomplice 210
1.
Requirements for Aid 210
2.
Requirements for the Abettor 210
3.
Related Case Law 211
Ⅲ.
Jongbeom's Mistake 214
Ⅳ.
Punishment of accomplices 214
V.
Related Issue 214
1.
Accessory to an accomplice (indirect accomplice) 214
2.
Teacher's Accessory 215
3.
Jongbeom's Teacher 215
4.
Attempted Aid 215
06｜Accomplices and Status 215
Ⅰ.
Introduction 215
1.
The Meaning of 'Accomplice and Status' 215
2.
The Meaning of Status 216
Ⅱ.
Interpretation of Article 33 of the Criminal Act 217
1.
Relationship between the text and the clues 217
2.
Interpretation of the text and proviso of Article 33 of the Criminal Act 218
Ⅲ.
Passive Status and Accomplice 222
1.
Illegal Fragmentation and Accomplice 222
2.
Responsibility-Shared Status, Punishment-Shared Status, and Accomplices 223

CHAPTER 07
Prisoner theory
01｜Prisoner Theory 224
02｜One Sin 224
Ⅰ.
Legal Affairs Competition 224
1.
Meaning 224
2.
Type 225
Ⅱ.
Comprehensive Crime 229
1.
Meaning 229
2.
Type 230
3.
Effect 231
4.
Related Case 231
03｜Crime 236
Ⅰ.
Imaginary Competition 236
1.
Meaning 236
2.
This is 236
3.
Effect 237
4.
Related Case 238
Ⅱ.
Substantive Conflict 239
1.
Meaning 239
2.
Simultaneous Conflict 239
3.
Posthumous Conflict 241

PART 03 PENALTY
CHAPTER 01
punishment
01｜Types of Punishment 250
Ⅰ.
Types of Punishment 250
Ⅱ.
Death penalty 250
Ⅲ.
Freestyle 251
Ⅳ.
Property Type 251
1.
Fines and Surcharges 251
2.
Confiscation 252
V.
Honorary Type 262
Ⅵ.
Brother's severity 262
02｜Brother's Yangjeong 263
Ⅰ.
Meaning 263
Ⅱ.
Step 263 of Brother Yangjeong
Ⅲ.
263. Aggravation, mitigation, and exemption of sentences
1.
Brother's weight 263
2.
Brother's mitigation 264
3.
Brother's Exemption 264
4.
Embroidery and Confession 265
5.
Brother's Gagamrye 268
Ⅳ.
Sentence 269
V.
270 days of detention before sentencing
Ⅵ.
Publication of the Judgment 271
03｜Repeat Offender 272
Ⅰ.
Meaning 272
Ⅱ.
Requirements for Repeat Offenders 273
1.
273 A war criminal will be sentenced to imprisonment or more
2.
The execution of the sentence of the former criminal will be terminated or exempted 274
3.
The subsequent offender must commit the crime within three years after the previous offender's sentence is completed or exempted from execution. 274
4.
The subsequent offense shall be punishable by imprisonment or more severe punishment. 275
Ⅲ.
The Effects of Repeat Offenders 275
Ⅳ.
276. Discovery of repeat offenders after sentencing
04｜Suspended Sentence, Suspended Sentence, Parole 277
Ⅰ.
Suspended sentence 277
1.
Meaning 277
2.
Requirements for Probation 277
3.
Suspended Sentences, Probation, Community Service Orders, and Course Attendance Orders 278
4.
The Effects of Probation 279
5.
Lapse and Cancellation of Probation 280
Ⅱ.
Suspended sentence 282
1.
Meaning 282
2.
Suspended Sentence Requirement 282
3.
Suspended Sentence and Probation 284
4.
The Effects of Suspended Sentences 284
5.
The lapse of suspended sentences 285
Ⅲ.
Parole 286
1.
Meaning 286
2.
This is 286
3.
Parole Period and Probation 286
4.
The Effects of Parole 287
5.
The Effects of Parole Lapse and Cancellation 287
05 | Prescription, Expiration, and Duration of Brothers 287
Ⅰ.
287 Prescription, suspension, and interruption
Ⅱ.
The disappearance of the older brother, etc. 288
Ⅲ.
Brother's period 289

CHAPTER 02
Security measures

PART 01 Crimes against personal interests
CHAPTER 01
Sins against life and body
01｜The Sin of Murder 294
Ⅰ.
Murder 294
1.
Object: Person 294
2.
Act: Murder 296
3.
Other 296
Ⅱ.
Murder 297
1.
Object: Self/Spouse's direct ascendants 298
2.
Act: Murder 299
Ⅲ.
Infanticide 299
Ⅳ.
Murder by Request or Consent, Article 300
1.
Object: Person who requested and approved 300
2.
Act: Murder upon request or consent 300
V.
Suicide Instigation/Aid Crime 300
1.
Object: Person 300
2.
Act: Instigating or aiding suicide 301
3.
Intention 301
Ⅵ.
Murder by Hierarchy or Power 302
Ⅶ.
Murder Preparation and Conspiracy 302
02｜Crimes of Assault and Bodily Harm 303
Ⅰ.
Assault crime 303
1.
Object: Human body 304
2.
Act: Injury 304
3.
Other 306
Ⅱ.
Serious bodily harm 307
1.
Basic crime: assault 308
2.
Serious consequences: life-threatening, disabling, incurable, or intractable disease 308
Ⅲ.
Special Assault Crime 308
Ⅳ.
Assault resulting in death/Assault resulting in death 309
V.
Assault 310
1.
Object: Human body 310
2.
Act: Assault 310
3.
Other 312
Ⅵ.
Special assault crime 313
1.
314 assaults by demonstrating the power of a group or crowd
2.
Assault by carrying a dangerous object 314
3.
Intention 318
Ⅶ.
Assault resulting in death 318
Ⅷ.
Habitual assault and battery 318
03｜Crime of Negligent Homicide 319
Ⅰ.
Negligent homicide and negligent homicide 319
Ⅱ.
Negligence in the workplace/gross negligence resulting in death or injury 322
1.
Negligence in Business 322
2.
Gross negligence 329
04｜The Sin of Abortion 331
05｜The Sin of Abandonment and Abuse 332
Ⅰ.
Abandonment crime 332
1.
Subject: Person with legal or contractual obligation to protect 332
2.
Object: Relief Worker 334
3.
Act: Abandonment 334
4.
Intention 335
Ⅱ.
Infant Abandonment Crime 335
Ⅲ.
Abuse 335
Ⅳ.
Child Abuse Crime 336
V.
Abandonment resulting in death 337

CHAPTER 02
crime against freedom
01｜The Crime of Intimidation 338
Ⅰ.
Intimidation 338
1.
Object: Person 339
2.
Act: Intimidation 339
3.
Other 342
Ⅱ.
Special Intimidation Crime 345
Ⅲ.
Habitual Intimidation 346
02｜The Sin of Coercion 346
Ⅰ.
Coercion 346
1.
Object: Person 347
2.
Act 347
Ⅱ.
Special Coercion Crime 350
Ⅲ.
Hostage-taking crime 351
03｜Crime of Arrest and Detention 351
Ⅰ.
Arrest and Detention Crime 351
1.
Object: Person 352
2.
Act 352
3.
Other 355
Ⅱ.
Arrest and Detention Crime 356
Ⅲ.
Special Arrest and Detention Crime 356
Ⅳ.
Habitual Arrest and Detention Crime 357
V.
Arrest and Detention 357
04｜Crimes of Kidnapping, Enticement, and Human Trafficking 358
Ⅰ.
Kidnapping and enticing a minor 358
1.
Subject 358
2.
Object: Minor 359
3.
Act: Abduction/Lure 360
4.
Other 361
Ⅱ.
Crimes of sexual assault, adultery, marriage, kidnapping for profit, and enticement 362
Ⅲ.
Human Trafficking Crime 363
Ⅳ.
Assault or death of a victim, murder or homicide 364
05｜Crimes of Rape and Sexual Assault 365
Ⅰ.
Sexual Crime Overview 365
Ⅱ.
Rape 367
1.
Object 367
2.
Assault and intimidation 367
3.
Rape 368
4.
Prisoner 370
Ⅲ.
Quasi-rape 370
Ⅳ.
Forcible Sexual Assault 370
1.
Assault and intimidation 371
2.
Assault 373
V.
Attempted rape and quasi-indecent assault 376
1.
376 Taking advantage of a state of mental or physical incapacitation
2.
Adultery or molestation 378
Ⅵ.
Statutory Rape and Sexual Assault of a Minor 379
Ⅶ.
Rape resulting in bodily harm or injury, rape resulting in murder or injury 380
1.
Subject 380
2.
Act: causing injury, killing, or causing injury or death 381
Ⅷ.
Adultery and molestation of minors and persons of weak mental or physical abilities (Crime 385)
1.
Object: Minor or mentally weak person 385
2.
Hierarchy and Power 385
3.
Adultery and Sexual Assault 387
Ⅸ.
Adultery and sexual assault by abuse of power, etc. in the course of business, Article 388
1.
Subject: A person who is a guardian or supervisor according to work, employment, or other relationship 388
2.
Object: Persons who are protected or supervised due to work, employment, or other relationships 388
3.
Hierarchy and Power 389
4.
Adultery and Sexual Assault 389
Ⅹ.
Adultery with a Prisoner 389
ⅩⅠ.
Special Act on the Punishment, etc. of Sexual Crimes 390
1.
Home invasion rape, etc. 390
2.
Special rape, etc. 392
3.
Rape by incest, etc. 393
4.
Rape of the disabled, etc. 394
5.
Rape of a minor under 13 years of age, etc. 395
6.
Rape resulting in bodily injury or death, rape resulting in murder or death 396
7.
Assault in a crowded public place 396
8.
Intrusion into a multi-use facility for sexual purposes 397
9.
Obscene Use of Communication Media 398
10.
399 Photography using cameras, etc.
11.
403 Editing of false video footage, etc.
12.
403 Threatening to use filming materials, etc.
ⅩⅡ.
Act on the Protection of Children and Adolescents from Sexual Abuse Article 404
1.
404. Applicable to the Youth Protection Act
2.
Rape of children and adolescents, etc. 405
3.
Adultery with the Disabled, etc. 405
4.
Production of sexually exploitative material, etc. 406

CHAPTER 03
Crimes against honor and credit
01｜Crimes Against Honor 411
Ⅰ.
Defamation Act 411
1.
Object: Human Honor 412
2.
Act 414
3.
Other 423
Ⅱ.
Defamation of a Lion 429
Ⅲ.
Defamation by Publication 430
1.
Publication 430
2.
Defamation 431
3.
432 Intention to defame
4.
Other 434
Ⅳ.
Insult 435
1.
Object: Person 435
2.
Act 435
3.
Other 438
02｜Crimes Related to Credit, Business, and Auctions 439
Ⅰ.
Defamation of Credit Act 439
1.
Object: Human Credit 440
2.
Act: Damage to reputation through spreading false information and deception 440
3.
Intention 441
Ⅱ.
Obstruction of Business Act 442
1.
Object: Human Task 442
2.
Act 447
3.
Other 458
Ⅲ.
Computer Obstruction Crime 463
1.
Object: Information processing device/special media record 463
2.
Act 464
Ⅳ.
Auction and Bidding Obstruction Crime 466
1.
Object: Auction/Bidding 466
2.
Act 468

CHAPTER 04
Crimes against the peace of private life
01｜Crime of Breach of Confidentiality 472
Ⅰ.
Violation of Secrets 472
Ⅱ.
Disclosure of Business Secrets Article 474
02｜Crime of Trespassing 474
Ⅰ.
Home invasion crime 474
1.
Objects: residences, buildings, etc. 476
2.
Act: Trespass 478
3.
Other 488
Ⅱ.
Refusal to vacate 490
Ⅲ.
Special Residential Trespassing Crime 491
Ⅳ.
Residential and Body Search Crime 492

CHAPTER 05
crimes against property
01｜General Theory 494
Ⅰ.
Object of Property Crime 494
1.
Wealth 494
2.
Property interests 498
Ⅱ.
Possession under criminal law 499
1.
Meaning 499
2.
Occupancy's Otherness 500
Ⅲ.
Intention to obtain illegal gains 503
1.
Meaning 503
2.
503. Intention to obtain illegal profits
3.
Content 504
4.
Target 507
5.
The Meaning of 'Illegal' 507
Ⅳ.
Family Funeral Ceremony 509
1.
Meaning 509
2.
Scope 510
3.
Related Case Law 513
02｜The Crime of Theft 515
Ⅰ.
Theft 515
1.
Object: Treasure 516
2.
Act: Theft 523
3.
Prisoners, etc. 526
Ⅱ.
Nighttime Burglary 528
1.
Night 528
2.
Home invasion 529
3.
Cut 529
Ⅲ.
Special Theft 529
1.
Nighttime Burglary After Breaking and Entering 530
2.
Theft with a weapon 531
3.
Joint Theft 531
Ⅳ.
Illegal Use of Automobile Lights Act 535
V.
Habitual Theft 535
03｜The Crime of Robbery 536
Ⅰ.
Robbery 536
1.
Object: Property and Property Interests 536
2.
Assault and intimidation 537
3.
Gangchwi 538
4.
Other 541
Ⅱ.
Special Robbery 544
1.
Nighttime home invasion robbery 545
2.
Robbery with a weapon 545
3.
Joint robbery 546
Ⅲ.
Attempted Robbery 546
1.
546 thief
2.
Assault and intimidation 547
3.
Objective 549
4.
Other 550
Ⅳ.
Hostage-taking crime 552
V.
Robbery and assault resulting in bodily harm 553
1.
Robber 553
2.
Opportunity for Robbers 553
3.
Injury and death 554
4.
Accomplice 555
Ⅵ.
Robbery and Murder 556
Ⅶ.
Robbery and Rape 558
Ⅷ.
Maritime robbery 560
Ⅸ.
Habitual Robbery 560
Ⅹ.
Conspiracy to commit robbery 561
ⅩⅠ.
Crime of forcible seizure of possession 562
04｜The Sin of Fraud 563
Ⅰ.
Fraud 563
1.
Object 564
2.
Fraudulent Act 567
3.
Cause of Misunderstanding 585
4.
Disposition Act 586
5.
Property damage 591
6.
Receiving property or acquiring property benefits 592
7.
Other 595
Ⅱ.
Computer Fraud 618
1.
Object: Property Interest 618
2.
Computer and other information processing devices 620
3.
620 Entering false information, entering an illegal order, or entering or changing unauthorized information
4.
621 to process information
5.
Prisoners, etc. 622
Ⅲ.
Credit Card Related Crimes 623
1.
Overview 623
2.
Case Review 624
Ⅳ.
Fraud 631
V.
Crime of Improper Use of Convenience Facilities 632
1.
Object: Property and Property Interests 632
2.
632 Using paid automatic equipment to avoid paying by unfair means
Ⅵ.
Unjust enrichment crime 633
1.
Object: Property Interest 633
2.
Desperate situation 633
3.
Use Act 634
4.
Significantly Unfair Benefits 634
Ⅶ.
Habitual Fraud 635
05｜The Crime of Extortion 636
Ⅰ.
Extortion 636
1.
Object: Property and Property Interests 637
2.
Assault and intimidation 638
3.
Cause of the External Explosion 642
4.
Disposition Act 642
5.
Receiving property or acquiring property benefits 643
6.
Other 643
Ⅱ.
Special Extortion Crime 646
Ⅲ.
Habitual Extortion 647
06｜The Crime of Embezzlement 647
Ⅰ.
Embezzlement 647
1.
Subject: Custodian of another's property 648
2.
Object: Property owned by others in storage 657
3.
Act: Embezzlement and refusal to return 683
4.
Other 689
Ⅱ.
Embezzlement 700
Ⅲ.
Embezzlement of Lost Property 700
07｜Crime of Breach of Trust 701
Ⅰ.
Review of the latest precedents on breach of trust, etc. 701
1.
Summary of the latest case law on breach of trust, 701
2.
Real Estate Double Sale 710
Ⅱ.
Breach of Trust Article 716
1.
Subject: Person in charge of other people's affairs 716
2.
Object: Property Interest 724
3.
Acts: Breach of trust, acquisition of financial gain, causing damage to oneself 724
4.
Other 745
Ⅲ.
Breach of trust 750
Ⅳ.
Breach of trust crime 750
1.
Subject: Person in charge of other people's affairs 751
2.
Object: Property and Property Interests 753
3.
Act 753
4.
Other 760
V.
Breach of trust and bribery Article 761
08｜The Sin of Stolen Goods 763
Ⅰ.
763 Theft
1.
Subject: Persons other than the principal offender of the crime 763
2.
Object: Stolen Goods 764
3.
Act 766
4.
Other 768
Ⅱ.
Habitual theft crime 771
Ⅲ.
Negligence in the Performance of Duty/Gross Negligence in Receiving Stolen Property 771
09｜The Sin of Destruction 772
Ⅰ.
Destruction 772
1.
Object: Special media records such as property, documents, and electronic records owned by others 773
2.
Act: Harming the utility by destroying, concealing, or otherwise damaging it 775
3.
Other 778
Ⅱ.
Special Damage Crime 781
Ⅲ.
Border crossing crime 781
10｜Crime of Obstructing the Exercise of Rights 783
Ⅰ.
Obstruction of Rights 783
1.
Object: One's own property, etc., that has become the object of another's possession or rights. 783
2.
Act: Obstructing the exercise of others' rights by taking, concealing, or damaging 787
Ⅱ.
Evasion of Forced Execution Crime 788
1.
Situation 788
2.
Purpose: To avoid compulsory execution 791
3.
Object: Property 791
4.
Act 793
5.
Risk of harming creditors 796
6.
Other 800

PART 02 Crimes against social interests
CHAPTER 01
Crimes against public safety and tranquility
01｜Crime against public security 804
Ⅰ.
Organized crimes such as criminal groups 804
Ⅱ.
Impersonation of a Public Official's Qualifications Act 806
02｜Crime concerning explosives 807
Ⅰ.
Use of explosives 807
03｜The Crimes of Arson and Fire 809
Ⅰ.
Arson of existing structures, etc., arson resulting in death of existing structures, etc. 809
1.
Object 810
2.
Act 810
3.
Heavy result 811
4.
Other 812
Ⅱ.
Arson of Public Buildings, etc. Article 813
Ⅲ.
Arson of General Buildings, etc. Article 813
Ⅳ.
General Arson 814
V.
Combustion 815
Ⅵ.
816 crimes including false accusations
04｜Crimes Concerning Work and Repairs 818
Ⅰ.
Obstruction of Repairs Act 818
05｜Crime of Obstructing Traffic 819
Ⅰ.
General traffic obstruction crime/traffic obstruction resulting in death 819
1.
Object: Land, waterway, bridge 819
2.
Act 820
3.
Heavy result 822
Ⅱ.
Occupational Negligence/Gross Negligence Traffic Obstruction Crime 823

CHAPTER 02
crimes against public trust
01｜Crime concerning currency 824
Ⅰ.
Counterfeiting and Alteration of Domestic Currency, Article 824
1.
Object: Domestic currency 824
2.
Act 824
3.
Purpose of Event 826
Ⅱ.
Counterfeiting and Alteration of Foreign Currency in Domestic Circulation, Article 826
Ⅲ.
Crime of Counterfeiting or Altering Foreign Currency 827
Ⅳ.
Crimes such as counterfeiting and forged currency, etc. 828
1.
Object: Counterfeit or altered domestic or foreign currency 829
2.
Actions: Events, Imports, and Exports 829
V.
Crime of obtaining counterfeit or altered currency 830
Ⅵ.
Conspiracy to Counterfeit or Modify Currency (Criminal Code 830)
Ⅶ.
Other 831
02｜Crimes Concerning Securities, Stamps, and Postage Stamps 831
Ⅰ.
Forgery and Alteration of Securities Article 831
1.
Object: Securities 832
2.
Act 834
3.
Prisoners, etc. 837
Ⅱ.
Forgery and Alteration of Documents Article 838
Ⅲ.
Article 839: Creation of securities by false pretenses
Ⅳ.
Article 840 of the crime of creating false securities
V.
Article 842 of the crime of forgery, etc., exercise, import, and export of negotiable securities
1.
Object: Forged, altered, fabricated, or falsified securities 842
2.
Actions: Events, Imports, and Exports 843
Ⅵ.
844 Crimes of forgery and alteration of stamps, etc.
03｜Crime concerning documents 845
Ⅰ.
General 845
1.
Essence 845
2.
Document 847
3.
Peach Blossom 854
Ⅱ.
Forgery and Alteration of Private Documents Article 855
1.
Object: Private document, etc. 855
2.
Act 856
3.
Purpose of Event 865
4.
Prisoner 865
Ⅲ.
Article 866: Forging Private Documents by Impersonating a Person
Ⅳ.
Forgery and alteration of dictionary records 868
1.
Object 868
2.
Act: Forgery/Distortion 869
3.
870 Purpose of Misconduct in Office Processing
V.
Forgery and Alteration of Official Documents Article 870
Ⅵ.
Article 872: Crime of Drafting Official Documents by Impersonating a Person
Ⅶ.
Forgery and alteration of public electronic records 873
Ⅷ.
Article 874 of the crime of writing false medical certificates, etc.
1.
Subjects: Doctors, Oriental medicine doctors, dentists, and midwives 875
2.
Object: Medical certificate, autopsy report, certificate 875
3.
Act: False writing 875
4.
Intention 876
Ⅸ.
Article 877 of the crime of creating false official documents
1.
Subject: Civil servant 877
2.
Object: Official documents, etc. 877
3.
Act: False writing, etc. 877
4.
Purpose of the event 880
5.
Other 880
Ⅹ.
Crime of False Recording of Original Public Deed, etc. 883
1.
Object: Original certified copy of public deed, etc. 884
2.
Act 885
3.
Intention 895
ⅩⅠ.
Forgery, Alteration, etc., Crime of Using Private Documents 895
ⅩⅡ.
Forgery, Alteration, etc. of Official Documents, Article 897
ⅩⅢ.
Fraudulent Use of Private Documents Article 898
1.
Object: Private Document 898
2.
Act: Misconduct 898
ⅩⅣ.
Fraudulent Use of Official Documents Article 899
1.
Object: Official Document 899
2.
Act: Misconduct 900
04｜Crime on Seals 902
Ⅰ.
Forgery and misuse of signatures, etc. and use of forged signatures, etc. 902
Ⅱ.
Forgery and misuse of public documents, etc. and use of forged public documents, etc. Article 904

CHAPTER 03
Crimes against public health
01｜Crime concerning drinking water 906
Ⅰ.
Water Disruption Crime 906

CHAPTER 04
crime against social morality
01｜Sins Concerning Sexual Morality 907
Ⅰ.
Article 907 of the crime of facilitating adultery
Ⅱ.
Crime 908: Distribution, sale, rental, performance exhibition, etc. of negative images
1.
Object: Obscene documents, etc. 908
2.
Act: Banpo, etc. 910
Ⅲ.
Public Indecency Act 911
02｜Crimes Related to Gambling and Lottery 913
Ⅰ.
Gambling and Habitual Gambling 913
Ⅱ.
Crime of Establishing a Gambling Venue, etc. Article 915
Ⅲ.
Lottery Ticket Issuance, Brokerage, and Acquisition Crimes 916
03｜Sins Concerning Faith 917
Ⅰ.
Article 917 of the crime of obstructing a funeral, etc.
Ⅱ.
Grave Excavation Crime 918
Ⅲ.
919 Crimes of destruction, abandonment, concealment, or acquisition of corpses, etc.

PART 03 Crimes against national interests
CHAPTER 01
crimes against the existence and authority of the state
01｜The Sin of Rebellion 922
Ⅰ.
Sedition 922
Ⅱ.
Article 924: Preparation for Rebellion, Conspiracy, Incitement, and Propaganda
02｜Foreign Exchange Sin 925
Ⅰ.
Espionage Act 925
03｜Crimes Regarding the National Flag 927
Ⅰ.
Article 927 of the crime of insulting or defaming the national flag and national emblem

CHAPTER 02
crimes against the function of the state
01｜Crimes Related to Public Officials' Duties 929
Ⅰ.
Dereliction of Duty 929
1.
Subject: Civil servant 930
2.
Act: Dereliction of Duty 930
3.
Prisoners, etc. 933
Ⅱ.
Publication of Blood Facts Crime 936
Ⅲ.
Offense of Disclosure of Official Secrets 936
Ⅳ.
Abuse of Power 939
1.
Subject: Civil servant 939
2.
Act 939
3.
Intention 948
V.
Unlawful arrest and detention and assault and cruel acts 948
Ⅵ.
Bribery General Provisions 950
1.
Introduction 951
2.
Requirements for Bribery 958
Ⅶ.
Bribery 965
1.
Subject: Official or Arbitrator 965
2.
Act: Accepting, requesting, or promising a bribe in connection with one's official duties 969
3.
Prisoner, etc. 971
Ⅷ.
Bribery offense 973
1.
Subject: Civil servant or person who will be an arbitrator 973
2.
Act: Accepting, requesting, or promising a bribe in exchange for a request related to a job 974
Ⅸ.
Third-party bribery crime 974
1.
Subject: Official or Arbitrator 974
2.
Act 974
Ⅹ.
Article 976 of the Act on Corrupt Practices after Accepting Bribes
1.
Subject: Official or Arbitrator 977
2.
Act: Committing the crimes of Article 2 and committing an illegal act 977
ⅩⅠ.
Post-improper bribery crime 978
1.
Subject: Official or Arbitrator 978
2.
Act: Accepting a bribe after committing an act of misconduct in the course of one's duties, or accepting a bribe from a third party, etc. 978
ⅩⅡ.
Posthumous Bribery Crime 979
1.
Subject: Person who was a public official or arbitrator 979
2.
Act: Accepting a request while in office, committing an improper act in the course of one's duties, and then accepting a bribe, etc. 979
ⅩⅢ.
Brokerage Bribery Crime 980
1.
Subject: Civil servant 980
2.
Act 981
ⅩⅣ.
Bribery 983
1.
Subject: No restrictions 983
2.
Act 984
ⅩⅤ.
Confiscation and Collection of Bribery Crimes 985
1.
Counterparty to confiscation and collection 986
2.
Target 987
3.
Period for calculating the additional tax amount: 988
02｜Crime on Obstruction of Official Duties 988
Ⅰ.
Obstruction of Official Duties Article 988
1.
Object: Civil servant performing lawful duties 989
2.
Act: Assault/Intimidation 995
3.
Other 997
Ⅱ.
Crime 998: Obstruction of Official Duties by Hierarchy
1.
Object 998
2.
Act: Obstruction of official duties by a superior officer 999
3.
Intention 1007
Ⅲ.
Crime 1008: Obstruction of Human Rights Advocacy
Ⅳ.
Crime of invalidity of official seals, etc. 1008
1.
Object: Indication of sealing, seizure, or other compulsory measures taken by public officials in connection with their duties 1009
2.
Act: Harming, concealing, or otherwise impairing utility 1014
V.
Invalidity of Public Documents, etc. Article 1016
1.
Objects: Documents, objects, electronic records, etc. used in public offices 1016
2.
Act: Harming, concealing, or otherwise impairing utility 1017
3.
Other 1018
Ⅵ.
Special Obstruction of Official Duties and Special Obstruction of Official Duties Causing Death 1019
03｜The Crime of Escape and Concealment 1020
Ⅰ.
1020, including escape crimes
Ⅱ.
Aiding and Abetting Escape Crime 1021
Ⅲ.
Concealing a Criminal 1021
1.
Subject: Person other than the offender 1021
2.
Object: A person who has committed a crime punishable by a fine or more than 1023
3.
Act: Concealment and Evasion 1023
4.
Other 1027
04｜Crimes of Perjury and Destruction of Evidence 1029
Ⅰ.
Perjury 1029
1.
Subject: Witness sworn under the law 1029
2.
Act: False Statement 1033
3.
Other 1035
Ⅱ.
Perjury 1036
Ⅲ.
False Appraisal, Interpretation, and Translation Crime 1038
Ⅳ.
Destruction of Evidence 1038
1.
Object: Evidence concerning criminal or disciplinary cases involving others 1039
2.
Acts: Destruction, concealment, forgery, alteration, use of forged or altered evidence 1041
3.
Other 1043
V.
Witness Concealment and Evasion Crime 1044
Ⅵ.
Destruction of Evidence of Fraud 1044
05｜The Sin of Innocent Accusation 1045
Ⅰ.
Innocent Accusation 1045
1.
Act: Reporting false facts 1045
2.
Respondent: Public office/public official 1053
3.
Purpose: To cause others to be subject to criminal or disciplinary action 1053
4.
Other 1055

·Case Index 1059