Preface to the 2nd Edition / 3
Preface to the First Edition / 7

Chapter 1: The Nature of the Curriculum and Related Terminology… 21
1.
The nature of the curriculum _ 24
go.
The curriculum is the core of school education _ 24
me.
The curriculum has no parent subject _ 25
all.
The curriculum is a comprehensive and practical discipline _ 27
2.
Understanding Curriculum-Related Terminology _ 29
go.
Subject _ 30
me.
Academics, and the Relationship Between Academics and Subjects _ 31
all.
Knowledge _ 33
la.
Function, and the Relationship Between Function and Knowledge _ 35

Chapter 2: The Meaning of the Curriculum… 37
1.
Conceptual Meaning of Curriculum _ 41
go.
Etymological Meaning of Curriculum _ 41
me.
The Meaning of a Curriculum Focused on Outcomes _ 42
all.
The meaning of a curriculum focused on the 'process' _ 46
2.
Multi-Level Curriculum: Levels of the Curriculum _ 49
go.
Planned Curriculum _ 50
me.
Implemented Curriculum _ 52
all.
Experienced Curriculum _ 53
3.
Visible and Invisible Curriculum _ 54
go.
Formal Curriculum _ 55
me.
Potential Curriculum _ 55
all.
English Curriculum _ 58
4.
The Relationship Between the National Curriculum and the School Curriculum _ 60

Chapter 3: The Historical Foundations of the Curriculum … 65
1.
Humanist _ 69
go.
Theoretical Foundations of Traditional Curriculum: Theory of Mental Development _ 70
me.
The Committee of Ten and Elliot (C.
Eliot's argument _ 72
all.
The 15-member committee and Harris (W.
Harris's argument _ 74
2.
Developmentalist _ 76
go.
Herbart School _ 76
me.
Hall (S.
Hall's Child Study Movement _ 78
all.
Kilpatrick (W.
Kilpatrick's Project Law _ 80
3.
Social Efficiencyist _ 82
go.
Ross (E.
Ross's Social Control Theory _ 83
me.
Efficiency Movement: Taylor (F.
Taylor's Scientific Management and the Birth of Curriculum as a Field of Study _ 84
all.
Intelligence Measurement, Differentiated Curriculum Based on Intelligence _ 86
la.
The Real Achievements of Social Efficiency _ 88
4.
Social Reformist _ 89
go.
Counts (G.
Counts' Social Reconstructionism _ 90
me.
Rug (H.
Rugg's Social Studies Textbook _ 92

Chapter 4: Perspectives on the Curriculum (I): Knowledge-Centered Curriculum… 95
1.
Knowledge-Centered Curriculum Overview _ 98
2.
Theories Underpinning Knowledge-Centered Curriculum _ 103
go.
Theory of Mental Health _ 104
me.
The Structuralism of Knowledge _ 107
all.
Formalism of Knowledge _ 113

Chapter 5: Perspectives on Curriculum (II): Experience-Based Curriculum… 121
1.
The Emergence of Progressive Education and the Progressive Education Association _ 125
2.
The Progressive Education Experiment in Secondary Education: An Eight-Year Study _ 129
3.
Expanding Progressive Education: Adaptation Education _ 134
4.
Dewey's Experience-Centered Curriculum Theory _ 138
go.
Dewey's Views on the Dominant Curriculum Arguments of the First Half of the 20th Century _ 139
me.
Dewey School _ 144
all.
Dewey's Curriculum Theory: Experience-Centered Curriculum _ 148

Chapter 6: Perspectives on Curriculum (III): Competency-Based Curriculum … 153
1.
Background to the Emergence of Competency-Based Education _ 157
go.
Characteristics of 21st-Century Society and Required Education _ 157
me.
The Limitations of Traditional Knowledge Education and the Need for Competency-Based Curriculum _ 162
2.
The Historical Origins of Competency-Based Curriculum _ 165
go.
Behavioral Approach _ 166
me.
Humanistic Approach _ 168
all.
Competency-Based Education as an Active Practice of Liberal Education _ 170
3.
The Meaning of Competency in School Education _ 173
A. The Meaning and Characteristics of Competencies Presented in the OECD's Competency Project _ 174
me.
The Total Nature and Meaning of Competence _ 178
all.
The Meaning of Competency in Curricula of Various Countries _ 182
4.
A Competency-Based Approach to Curriculum _ 184
go.
The Meaning of Competency-Based Curriculum _ 184
me.
Competency-Based Curriculum Design _ 185

Chapter 7: The History and Development of the Korean Curriculum… 191
1.
Curriculum before and after liberation _ 195
go.
Pre-liberation curriculum _ 196
me.
Transitional and Syllabus Periods Immediately Following Liberation _ 198
2.
1st Curriculum - 5th Curriculum _ 200
go.
First Curriculum _ 201
me.
Second Curriculum _ 202
all.
3rd Curriculum _ 204
la.
4th Curriculum _ 206
mind.
5th Curriculum _ 208
3.
6th Curriculum _ 210
go.
Elementary School Curriculum _ 211
me.
Middle School Curriculum _ 214
all.
High School Curriculum _ 215

Chapter 8: The 21st Century Korean Curriculum… 219
1.
7th Curriculum _ 222
go.
National Common Basic Curriculum _ 222
me.
Level-based Curriculum _ 224
all.
Discretionary Activities _ 226
la.
Elective Curriculum for Second and Third Year High School Students _ 226
2.
2007 Revised Curriculum _ 230
go.
Improving the National Common Basic Curriculum _ 231
me.
Improving the Elective Curriculum _ 233
3.
2009 Revised Curriculum _ 236
go.
Key Features _ 237
me.
Revisions by School Level _ 239
all.
Partial Revisions to the 2009 Revised Curriculum _ 246
4.
2015 Revised Curriculum _ 248
go.
Elementary School Curriculum _ 250
me.
Middle School Curriculum _ 251
all.
High School Curriculum _ 253
5.
2022 Revised Curriculum _ 258
go.
Elementary School Curriculum _ 260
me.
Middle School Curriculum _ 261
all.
High School Curriculum _ 262

Chapter 9: Curriculum Development and Design Models… 269
1.
Curriculum Development Model _ 273
go.
Technical and Scientific Approaches _ 274
me.
Naturalistic and Artistic Approach _ 281
2.
Curriculum Design Model _ 288
go.
Content Model _ 288
me.
Product Model _ 292
all.
Process Model _ 294
la.
Comparison of Three Models _ 298

Chapter 10: Curriculum Design Principles and Curriculum Integration… 301
1.
General Principles of Curriculum Design _ 304
go.
Setting Educational Goals _ 304
me.
Organization of educational content (or learning experiences) _ 308
2.
Understanding Curriculum Integration _ 314
go.
The Concept of Curriculum Integration _ 315
me.
A History of Integration in Curriculum Design _ 319
all.
Types of Curriculum Integration _ 328

Chapter 11: The Practice of Curriculum Development… 335
1.
Curriculum Development System _ 338
go.
Centralized Curriculum Development _ 338
me.
School-Centered Curriculum Development _ 340
2.
The Level of Curriculum Development in Korea _ 342
go.
National Curriculum Development _ 343
me.
Curriculum Development at the Local Level _ 345
all.
School-Level Curriculum Development _ 345
3.
The Reality of Our Country's National Curriculum Development _ 348
go.
National Curriculum Revision and Development Process _ 348
me.
Issues in the National Curriculum Development Process _ 354

Chapter 12: Understanding Curriculum Implementation … 359
1.
The Meaning of Curriculum Implementation _ 362
go.
Background on Curriculum Implementation _ 362
me.
Conceptualizing Curriculum Implementation _ 363
2.
Perspectives on Curriculum Implementation _ 365
go.
Fidelity Perspective _ 366
me.
Mutual Adaptation Perspective _ 369
all.
Curriculum Creation Perspective _ 371
la.
Comparison of Three Perspectives _ 374
3.
The Relationship Between Curriculum Implementation and Curriculum Planning _ 376

Chapter 13: The Flow of Curriculum Research: Curriculum Theorization… 381
1.
Curriculum Theory and Theorization _ 385
2.
Various Branches of Curriculum Theorization _ 387
go.
Prescriptive Theory: A Theory for 'Development' _ 389
me.
Descriptive Theory: Development Meets Deliberation _ 394
all.
Critical-Exploratory Theory: Theorizing for 'Understanding' and 'Change' _ 400
3.
The Future of Curriculum Theorization _ 408

Search / 415