
Functional Anatomy of Muscle Joints at a Glance
Description
Book Introduction
In the previous work, 『Musculoskeletal Function and Exercise Anatomy at a Glance』, the functional anatomy of each part of the human body, definitions of knowledge and terms necessary for kinesiology, basic human movements and the stress they place on the body, injuries that occur during exercise and their treatment were explained.
This time, we explained the movements that we frequently take in our daily lives, such as walking, running, and the basic movements in sports, such as jumping, pitching, and kicking.
Additionally, the characteristics of representative sports, common sports injuries, and rehabilitation were explained.
Even if we analyze the movements we perform in our daily lives without thinking, we can learn how efficiently we use our bodies and how those movements change as we grow and age.
And even in familiar sports, you will understand that there are sports injuries that are likely to occur due to the nature of the game.
Motion analysis can be difficult to understand due to the many technical terms and definitions, so we tried to use simple words as much as possible and make use of many illustrations to make it easier to understand visually.
Humans efficiently perform various movements in daily life and sports.
However, as we age and change, if we misuse our bodies, we put a strain on various parts of our bodies, which can lead to damage.
I hope that through this book, you will understand the structure of the human body, age healthily, and enjoy sports.
This time, we explained the movements that we frequently take in our daily lives, such as walking, running, and the basic movements in sports, such as jumping, pitching, and kicking.
Additionally, the characteristics of representative sports, common sports injuries, and rehabilitation were explained.
Even if we analyze the movements we perform in our daily lives without thinking, we can learn how efficiently we use our bodies and how those movements change as we grow and age.
And even in familiar sports, you will understand that there are sports injuries that are likely to occur due to the nature of the game.
Motion analysis can be difficult to understand due to the many technical terms and definitions, so we tried to use simple words as much as possible and make use of many illustrations to make it easier to understand visually.
Humans efficiently perform various movements in daily life and sports.
However, as we age and change, if we misuse our bodies, we put a strain on various parts of our bodies, which can lead to damage.
I hope that through this book, you will understand the structure of the human body, age healthily, and enjoy sports.
- You can preview some of the book's contents.
Preview
index
Preface v
Structure and Reading Method of This Book xii
01 Movement and structure of muscles and joints by part 1
Shoulder and upper arm
1.
Shoulder Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Shoulder Joint 2
2.
Structure and characteristics of the glenohumeral joint 4
3.
8 Muscles That Act on the Scapulohumeral Joint
4.
10 Muscles That Act on the Scapulothoracic Joint
elbow/forearm
1.
Bones and Structures that Make Up the Elbow Joint and Forearm 12
2.
14 Ligaments Acting on the Elbow Joint
3.
16 Muscles that Act on the Elbow Joint
4.
18 Muscles that Act on the Forearm
Hands/Fingers
1.
Wrist Joints and Fingers Bones and Structures that Make Up the Wrist Joints and Fingers 20
2.
Wrist Joint Muscles that Act on the Wrist Joint 22
3.
24 Muscles that act on the fingers
Pelvis~knee
1.
Pelvis and Hip Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Pelvis and Hip Joint 28
2.
Hip Joint 30 Muscles That Act on the Hip Joint
3.
Knee Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Knee Joint 34
4.
Structure and Function of the Kneecap 36
5.
Quadriceps Femoris Structure and Role of the Quadriceps Femoris 38
6.
The Structure and Role of the Hamstring Muscles 40
Foot area
1.
Ankle Joint and Foot Bones and Structures that Make Up the Ankle Joint and Foot 42
2.
Structure and Features of the Foot Bow 44
3.
Foot area Muscles that act on the foot area 46
spine
1.
The bones and structures that make up the spine (vertebrae) 50
2.
The spine (spine) The function of the spine Ligaments and intervertebral discs 52
3.
Cervical Spine Bones and Structures That Make Up the Cervical Spine 54
4.
56 Muscles that Act on the Neck
Chest and waist
1.
The bones and structures that make up the chest cage 58
2.
Lumbar Vertebrae Bones and Structures That Make Up the Lumbar Vertebrae 60
3.
62 Muscles that act on the lower back
Column 1. In the medical field.
64
02 Movement and Structure of Muscles and Joints in Daily Life Activities 65
tossing and turning
1.
Movements and Patterns 66
2.
68 Features by Movement Pattern
Actions that occur
1.
Movements and Patterns 70
2.
Growth and Changes in Behavior 72
Getting up from the floor
1.
Movement and Patterns 74
2.
Muscle activity by movement 76
The movement of standing up from a chair
1.
Movement Distinction and Center of Gravity 78
2.
80 joint movements by action
3.
Muscle activity by movement 82
4.
Effect of chair height and speed 84
General walking
1.
Definition of Walking 86
2.
Functional classification of gait 88
3.
Joint angle 90 in the sagittal and horizontal planes
4.
The angle between the forehead and the arm joint is 92
5.
Center of Gravity Movement and Efficiency 94
6.
Ground reaction force up and down, left and right, front and back 96
7.
Muscle moment applied to the joint 98?
8.
100 Muscle Activity During Walking
9.
Changes in Gait with Growth and Aging 102
10.
Changes in Bipedal Stances with Growth and Aging 104
11.
The Effect of Walking Speed on Step 106
Walking on a slope
1.
Changes in Joints and Muscles When Walking Uphill 108
2.
Changes in joints and muscles when walking downhill 110
Going up and down stairs
1.
Changes in joints and muscles during stair climbing 112
2.
Changes in joints and muscles during the movement of descending stairs 114
3.
Muscle moments during stair climbing 116
4.
118 Characteristics Observed in Older Adults When Climbing and Descending Stairs
sideways walking steps
1.
Classification of movements and joint movements 120
2.
Muscle activity when walking sideways 122
Overcoming movement
1.
Classification and Characteristics of Movements 124
2.
Movement of the legs in the overlapping movement 126
lifting movement
1.
Load on the lumbar region 128
2.
Safe Lifting Movement 130
3.
Forward bending and squatting movements 132
Column 2 in the medical field.
134
03 Movement and Structure of Muscles and Joints by Exercise 135
Driving
1.
Definition of Running 136
2.
Joint movements and muscle activity that occur during driving 138
3.
Joint Movements in Short Distance Racing 140
4.
Driving and Dynamics 142
5.
Analysis of Driving as a Game 144
jump
1.
Types of Movement and Vertical Jump 146
2.
Vertical Jump from a Dynamic Perspective 148
3.
Analysis of the Long Jump 150
Direction change action
Analysis of Cutting 152
throwing motion
1.
Types and Development of Movements 154
2.
Classification of Pitching Motions 156
3.
Pitching Motion and Muscle Activity 158
The car moves
1.
Energy transfer and kick 160
2.
Analysis of Free Kicks 162
Swinging motion
Muscle Activity During a Golf Swing 166
Column 3 in the medical field.
170
04 Common Injuries and Rehabilitation by Sport 171
sports injuries
Types of damage and causes 172
Track and field
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 174
2.
Classification by Cause of Running Injury 176
3.
Running Injuries: 178 Common Overuse Injuries
basketball
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 184
volleyball
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 188
baseball
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 192
2.
Classification of Baseball Shoulder Causes 196
3.
Baseball Shoulder Checkpoint 198
4.
How to Rehabilitate Your Baseball Shoulder 200
5.
Baseball Shoulder Instructions for Pitching Without Putting Strain on Your Shoulder 202
6.
Classification of Baseball Elbow by Causes 204
7.
Baseball Elbow Checkpoint 206
8.
How to Rehabilitate Baseball Elbow 207
soccer
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 208
2.
Functional Anatomy of the Ankle Joint 210
3.
Ankle Sprain Pathology and Symptoms 211
4.
How to Rehabilitate an Ankle Sprain 212
5.
Training to Prevent Recurrence of Ankle Sprains 214
rugby
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 216
2.
Medial Collateral Ligament Injury Treatment and Prevention 218
3.
How to Rehabilitate a Clavicle Joint Injury 220
tennis
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 222
2.
Tennis Elbow Pathology and Causes 226
3.
Tennis Elbow Checkpoint 228
4.
How to Rehabilitate Tennis Elbow 230
Search 232
Structure and Reading Method of This Book xii
01 Movement and structure of muscles and joints by part 1
Shoulder and upper arm
1.
Shoulder Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Shoulder Joint 2
2.
Structure and characteristics of the glenohumeral joint 4
3.
8 Muscles That Act on the Scapulohumeral Joint
4.
10 Muscles That Act on the Scapulothoracic Joint
elbow/forearm
1.
Bones and Structures that Make Up the Elbow Joint and Forearm 12
2.
14 Ligaments Acting on the Elbow Joint
3.
16 Muscles that Act on the Elbow Joint
4.
18 Muscles that Act on the Forearm
Hands/Fingers
1.
Wrist Joints and Fingers Bones and Structures that Make Up the Wrist Joints and Fingers 20
2.
Wrist Joint Muscles that Act on the Wrist Joint 22
3.
24 Muscles that act on the fingers
Pelvis~knee
1.
Pelvis and Hip Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Pelvis and Hip Joint 28
2.
Hip Joint 30 Muscles That Act on the Hip Joint
3.
Knee Joint Bones and Structures that Make Up the Knee Joint 34
4.
Structure and Function of the Kneecap 36
5.
Quadriceps Femoris Structure and Role of the Quadriceps Femoris 38
6.
The Structure and Role of the Hamstring Muscles 40
Foot area
1.
Ankle Joint and Foot Bones and Structures that Make Up the Ankle Joint and Foot 42
2.
Structure and Features of the Foot Bow 44
3.
Foot area Muscles that act on the foot area 46
spine
1.
The bones and structures that make up the spine (vertebrae) 50
2.
The spine (spine) The function of the spine Ligaments and intervertebral discs 52
3.
Cervical Spine Bones and Structures That Make Up the Cervical Spine 54
4.
56 Muscles that Act on the Neck
Chest and waist
1.
The bones and structures that make up the chest cage 58
2.
Lumbar Vertebrae Bones and Structures That Make Up the Lumbar Vertebrae 60
3.
62 Muscles that act on the lower back
Column 1. In the medical field.
64
02 Movement and Structure of Muscles and Joints in Daily Life Activities 65
tossing and turning
1.
Movements and Patterns 66
2.
68 Features by Movement Pattern
Actions that occur
1.
Movements and Patterns 70
2.
Growth and Changes in Behavior 72
Getting up from the floor
1.
Movement and Patterns 74
2.
Muscle activity by movement 76
The movement of standing up from a chair
1.
Movement Distinction and Center of Gravity 78
2.
80 joint movements by action
3.
Muscle activity by movement 82
4.
Effect of chair height and speed 84
General walking
1.
Definition of Walking 86
2.
Functional classification of gait 88
3.
Joint angle 90 in the sagittal and horizontal planes
4.
The angle between the forehead and the arm joint is 92
5.
Center of Gravity Movement and Efficiency 94
6.
Ground reaction force up and down, left and right, front and back 96
7.
Muscle moment applied to the joint 98?
8.
100 Muscle Activity During Walking
9.
Changes in Gait with Growth and Aging 102
10.
Changes in Bipedal Stances with Growth and Aging 104
11.
The Effect of Walking Speed on Step 106
Walking on a slope
1.
Changes in Joints and Muscles When Walking Uphill 108
2.
Changes in joints and muscles when walking downhill 110
Going up and down stairs
1.
Changes in joints and muscles during stair climbing 112
2.
Changes in joints and muscles during the movement of descending stairs 114
3.
Muscle moments during stair climbing 116
4.
118 Characteristics Observed in Older Adults When Climbing and Descending Stairs
sideways walking steps
1.
Classification of movements and joint movements 120
2.
Muscle activity when walking sideways 122
Overcoming movement
1.
Classification and Characteristics of Movements 124
2.
Movement of the legs in the overlapping movement 126
lifting movement
1.
Load on the lumbar region 128
2.
Safe Lifting Movement 130
3.
Forward bending and squatting movements 132
Column 2 in the medical field.
134
03 Movement and Structure of Muscles and Joints by Exercise 135
Driving
1.
Definition of Running 136
2.
Joint movements and muscle activity that occur during driving 138
3.
Joint Movements in Short Distance Racing 140
4.
Driving and Dynamics 142
5.
Analysis of Driving as a Game 144
jump
1.
Types of Movement and Vertical Jump 146
2.
Vertical Jump from a Dynamic Perspective 148
3.
Analysis of the Long Jump 150
Direction change action
Analysis of Cutting 152
throwing motion
1.
Types and Development of Movements 154
2.
Classification of Pitching Motions 156
3.
Pitching Motion and Muscle Activity 158
The car moves
1.
Energy transfer and kick 160
2.
Analysis of Free Kicks 162
Swinging motion
Muscle Activity During a Golf Swing 166
Column 3 in the medical field.
170
04 Common Injuries and Rehabilitation by Sport 171
sports injuries
Types of damage and causes 172
Track and field
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 174
2.
Classification by Cause of Running Injury 176
3.
Running Injuries: 178 Common Overuse Injuries
basketball
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 184
volleyball
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 188
baseball
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 192
2.
Classification of Baseball Shoulder Causes 196
3.
Baseball Shoulder Checkpoint 198
4.
How to Rehabilitate Your Baseball Shoulder 200
5.
Baseball Shoulder Instructions for Pitching Without Putting Strain on Your Shoulder 202
6.
Classification of Baseball Elbow by Causes 204
7.
Baseball Elbow Checkpoint 206
8.
How to Rehabilitate Baseball Elbow 207
soccer
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 208
2.
Functional Anatomy of the Ankle Joint 210
3.
Ankle Sprain Pathology and Symptoms 211
4.
How to Rehabilitate an Ankle Sprain 212
5.
Training to Prevent Recurrence of Ankle Sprains 214
rugby
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 216
2.
Medial Collateral Ligament Injury Treatment and Prevention 218
3.
How to Rehabilitate a Clavicle Joint Injury 220
tennis
1.
Game characteristics and damage prone to occur 222
2.
Tennis Elbow Pathology and Causes 226
3.
Tennis Elbow Checkpoint 228
4.
How to Rehabilitate Tennis Elbow 230
Search 232
Into the book
Walking speed, step length, and walking rate change due to growth and aging.
Various indices of gait change with age.
Age changes in childhood can be said to be changes due to growth and development, and age changes in the elderly can be said to be changes due to aging.
Looking at the changes in general walking speed according to growth, it is said that it reaches a speed almost equivalent to that of an adult around the age of 10.
And if you look at the changes that come with aging, you can see that the speed drops sharply after the age of 70.
Although step length is said to be closely related to height, the step length of the elderly shows a decrease even when measured based on height.
That is, it can be seen that the decrease in step length in the elderly is not due to being shorter than adults, but rather due to changes that come with aging.
Gait rate (cadence) decreases with age, but the decrease is not as pronounced as that in step length.
Therefore, since ‘walking speed = step length × walking rate’, the main reason for the decrease in walking speed with age can be seen as the decrease in step length.
--- p.102
The various physical and mental benefits that can be obtained through sports are called 'sports effects'.
The physical effects of sports include improvements in flexibility, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary function, while the mental effects of sports include educational effects such as stress relief and improved social skills during growth.
On the other hand, undesirable outcomes such as injuries resulting from sports are called 'sports injuries'.
Sports injuries are divided into 'acute injuries' such as fractures or ligament damage caused by a single large external force, and 'overuse injuries' such as back pain or knee pain caused by putting stress on a specific area through repetitive movements.
Sports activities require greater strength and faster movements than daily life, and often involve repetitive movements, making acute and overuse injuries more likely to occur.
In a time when sports were only for a select few, these sports injuries were a problem only for certain people.
However, in recent developed countries, sports have changed from something to be watched to something to be participated in, with people of all ages and genders participating in various sports.
Therefore, sports injuries are also a problem for the general public.
--- p.172
Soccer is a sport in which each team, consisting of 11 players, competes to score points by putting the ball into the opposing team's goal.
Since no one other than the goalkeeper is allowed to use their arms, players primarily use their feet to move the ball.
However, any part of the body other than the arms can be used, and heading with the forehead is also frequently used in matches.
In soccer, kicks are classified into instep kick, infront kick, and inside kick, and can be used according to the game scene.
The most common sports injuries that occur in soccer are those that occur in the foot area, especially ankle sprains.
According to a study of American college athletes, ankle sprains account for approximately 15% of all injuries, making them the most common injury among sports (with an incidence rate approximately five times that of anterior cruciate ligament injuries).
Because ankle sprains are a common injury, the economic loss is also significant. The cost of treatment related to ankle sprains is said to be $1.1 billion annually for high school football and basketball players in the United States alone.
Various indices of gait change with age.
Age changes in childhood can be said to be changes due to growth and development, and age changes in the elderly can be said to be changes due to aging.
Looking at the changes in general walking speed according to growth, it is said that it reaches a speed almost equivalent to that of an adult around the age of 10.
And if you look at the changes that come with aging, you can see that the speed drops sharply after the age of 70.
Although step length is said to be closely related to height, the step length of the elderly shows a decrease even when measured based on height.
That is, it can be seen that the decrease in step length in the elderly is not due to being shorter than adults, but rather due to changes that come with aging.
Gait rate (cadence) decreases with age, but the decrease is not as pronounced as that in step length.
Therefore, since ‘walking speed = step length × walking rate’, the main reason for the decrease in walking speed with age can be seen as the decrease in step length.
--- p.102
The various physical and mental benefits that can be obtained through sports are called 'sports effects'.
The physical effects of sports include improvements in flexibility, muscle strength, and cardiopulmonary function, while the mental effects of sports include educational effects such as stress relief and improved social skills during growth.
On the other hand, undesirable outcomes such as injuries resulting from sports are called 'sports injuries'.
Sports injuries are divided into 'acute injuries' such as fractures or ligament damage caused by a single large external force, and 'overuse injuries' such as back pain or knee pain caused by putting stress on a specific area through repetitive movements.
Sports activities require greater strength and faster movements than daily life, and often involve repetitive movements, making acute and overuse injuries more likely to occur.
In a time when sports were only for a select few, these sports injuries were a problem only for certain people.
However, in recent developed countries, sports have changed from something to be watched to something to be participated in, with people of all ages and genders participating in various sports.
Therefore, sports injuries are also a problem for the general public.
--- p.172
Soccer is a sport in which each team, consisting of 11 players, competes to score points by putting the ball into the opposing team's goal.
Since no one other than the goalkeeper is allowed to use their arms, players primarily use their feet to move the ball.
However, any part of the body other than the arms can be used, and heading with the forehead is also frequently used in matches.
In soccer, kicks are classified into instep kick, infront kick, and inside kick, and can be used according to the game scene.
The most common sports injuries that occur in soccer are those that occur in the foot area, especially ankle sprains.
According to a study of American college athletes, ankle sprains account for approximately 15% of all injuries, making them the most common injury among sports (with an incidence rate approximately five times that of anterior cruciate ligament injuries).
Because ankle sprains are a common injury, the economic loss is also significant. The cost of treatment related to ankle sprains is said to be $1.1 billion annually for high school football and basketball players in the United States alone.
--- p.208
GOODS SPECIFICS
- Date of publication: August 30, 2017
- Page count, weight, size: 252 pages | 188*254*20mm
- ISBN13: 9788964980583
- ISBN10: 8964980581
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