01 | Police et sciences policières

Section 1 Le concept de police ··················································································· 6
1.
La formation et l'évolution du concept de police ············································ 6
2.
Police au sens formel et police au sens substantiel ·················· 8
3.
Classification policière ·································································· 9
4.
Caractéristiques particulières de l'administration policière ····································································· 11

Article 2 : Devoirs de la police ·········································································· 12
1.
Devoirs de la police en vertu du droit positif ············································· 12
2.
Affaires policières ···················································································· 12
3.
Fonctions de police ····························································· 14

Article 3 Compétence de police ························································ 17
1.
Juridiction sur les objets ···················································································· 17
2.
Limitations de la compétence personnelle (la question de savoir à qui s'applique un large pouvoir de police) ············· 17
3.
Juridiction locale ························································································· 17

Section 4 : Principes fondamentaux de la police (Valeurs) ···························································· 19
1.
Démocratie ··················································································· 19
2.
État de droit ························································································· 19
3.
Respect des droits de l'homme ··········································································· 19
4.
Neutralité politique ····················································· 24
5.
Le management ···························································································· 24

Section 5 Police et déontologie ······················································· 24
1.
Objectif de la formation en déontologie policière ································································· 24
2.
Modèles de rôle policiers souhaitables et professionnalisation ················ 24
3.
Inconduite policière ··········································································· 25
4.
Le problème du cynisme et comment le surmonter······················································· 27
5.
Le fondement idéologique et les normes des activités policières... 28
6.
Code de déontologie de la police ········································································· 29
7.
Loi sur l'interdiction de la sollicitation et de la réception illicites d'argent ou de biens···35
8.
Loi sur la prévention des conflits d'intérêts des agents publics ·················· 41

Section 6 : Administration policière active ······························································· 47
1.
L'importance de l'administration proactive ·································································· 47
2.
Règlement relatif aux opérations administratives proactives (Décret présidentiel) ···················· 47
3.
Règlement d’exploitation du système d’immunité administrative active de l’Agence nationale de police (Instructions de l’Agence nationale de police) ··· 48

Section 7 : Causes et prévention du crime (Criminologie) ············ 49
1.
La signification du crime ·························································· 49
2.
Théorie des causes du crime ·············································································· 50
3.
Théorie du contrôle de la criminalité ·· ...

Section 8 Police de proximité ·············································· 56
1.
Comparaison entre la police traditionnelle et la police de proximité (MKSparrow) ················ 56
2.
Programmes de police communautaire ················ 57
3.
Patrouille ·· ...

02 | Histoire et système de la police coréenne
Section 1 : La police, des réformes Gabo à la période d'annexion Japon-Corée ················ 60
1.
Réforme de Gabo et police moderne ······························································ 60
2.
Le système de police de Gyeongbu sous la réforme de Gwangmu ·············· 61
3.
Perte de pouvoir policier en Corée ············································ 61

Section 2 : La police pendant la période coloniale japonaise ················ 62
1.
Ère de la police militaire ················································································ 62
2.
L'ère de la police ordinaire ······················································· 62

Section 3 : Gouvernement provisoire et police ·············································· 63
1.
Aperçu ·· ...
2.
Organisation de police du gouvernement provisoire ·································································· 63
3.
Personnages clés de la police du gouvernement provisoire ······················································· 64

Section 4 La police pendant la période du gouvernement militaire américain ··············································· 64
1.
Aperçu .......................................................................................... 64
2.
Organisation de la police sous le gouvernement militaire américain ············································ 65
3.
Réforme du système policier ·········································································· 65
4.
L'incident du 3 avril à Jeju et le chef Moon Hyung-soon ··················································· 65

Article 5. La police après l'établissement du gouvernement (15 août 1948 - Promulgation de la loi sur la police en 1991) ······················· 66
1.
Introduction ········································································· 66
2.
Établissement du gouvernement et de la police (Première République) en 1948 ····················· 66
3.
Après la Seconde République ·········································································· 67

Article 6 : Adoption de la loi sur la police (1991) et révision complète de la loi sur l’Agence nationale de police (2020) ···················· 68
1.
Promulgation de la Loi sur la police ········································································ 68
2.
Intégralement révisé par la « Loi sur l'organisation et le fonctionnement de la police nationale et de la police autonome » ············ 68

Section 7 : Un symbole de la police qui brillera longtemps dans l'histoire de la police coréenne ·············· 69

03 | Théorie comparée du maintien de l'ordre
Section 1 : La police britannique ····················································· 70
1.
Organisation et système de police ······························································ 70
2.
Enquête ·········································································· 72

Section 2 : Police américaine ········································································ 73
1.
Organisation et système de police ······························································ 73
2.
Enquête ··········································································· 74

Section 3 Police allemande ········································································ 74
1.
Organisation et système de police ······························································ 74
2.
Enquête ········································································· 75

Section 4 : La police française ···································································· 75
1.
Organisation et système de police ······························································ 75
2.
Enquête ··········································································· 76

Section 5 Police japonaise ····················································· 77
1.
Organisation de la police ········································································ 77
2 Enquête ············································································· 77

04 | Loi sur l'administration de la police
Article 1 Dispositions générales de la Loi sur l'administration de la police ················································ 78
1.
Police et État de droit ······································································· 78
2.
Tribunaux administratifs ······································································· 79
3.
Principes généraux du droit administratif ······························································ 81
4.
Effet du droit administratif ····················································· 85
5.
Relations juridiques administratives ·································································· 86

Article 2 de la loi sur l'organisation de la police ···················································· 87
1.
Loi générale sur l'organisation de la police ···································································· 87
2.
Agence d'administration de la police ········································································ 87
3.
Relations entre les services de police ····································· 97

Article 3 « Loi sur les agents de police »· ...
1.
Ouverture ······································································ 102
2.
Classification des agents de police ······························································ 102
3.
Relations avec les agents de police ················································· 103
4.
Droits et obligations des agents de police ··················· 115
5.
Responsabilités des agents de police ············································ 121
6.
Protection des droits et intérêts des agents de police ···················································· 129

Article 4 de la Loi sur les opérations de police ······································································ 133
1.
Fondements et limites du pouvoir de police ····················································· 133
2.
Législation administrative ·········································································· 136
3.
Mesures administratives (mesures policières) ············································ 140
4.
Faits avérés ············································································ 153
5.
Carte administrative ···················································································· 154
6.
Loi sur l'exécution des devoirs des agents de police··························································· 158
7.
Loi sur les procédures administratives ····································································· 178
8.
Divulgation des renseignements administratifs et protection des renseignements personnels ·························· 185

Article 5 Moyens d'assurer l'exécution des obligations ·········································· 192
1.
Aperçu des moyens de garantir l'exécution des obligations ······························· 192
2.
Application administrative ·········································································· 192
3.
Sanctions administratives ··········································································· 198
4.
Nouveaux moyens de garantir le respect des obligations ··················· 204

Article 6 Loi sur les mesures d'allègement administratif ················································· 205
1.
Aperçu ························································································· 205
2.
Système d'indemnisation des dommages (indemnisation de l'État) ···································· 205
3.
Décision administrative ······························································ 211
4.
Contentieux administratif ··············································································· 215

Article 7 Protection des victimes d'actes criminels ············································· 219
1.
Loi sur la protection des victimes d'actes criminels···························································· 219
2.
Loi sur la prévention de la traite des êtres humains et la protection des victimes, etc.····································· 222

05 | Administration de la police
Section 1 Décisions politiques ······················································ 223

Section 2 Gestion de l'organisation policière ·············································· 223
1.
Bureaucratie ··················································································· 223
2.
Principes d'organisation de la police ························································· 225
3.
Théorie de la motivation ····································································· 227

Section 3 Gestion du personnel de police ···················································································· 229
1.
Les deux principes de la gestion du personnel : servilisme ? Affectation des ressources fondée sur la performance… 229
2.
Système de carrière de la fonction publique ································································ 230
3.
Classification des fonctions publiques - Systèmes de classification des grades et des postes ··················· 230
4.
Évaluation du rendement ································································· 232

Section 4 Gestion du budget de la police ··················· 233
1.
Classification budgétaire de la police ···················································· 233
2.
Système budgétaire ··········································································· 234
3.
Processus budgétaire : Préparation du budget → Délibération et approbation du budget → Exécution du budget → Règlement du budget ·········· 235

Section 5 Autres dispositions de la direction ····················································· 237
1.
Gestion des armes et des munitions (Règles de gestion du matériel de police) ················ 237
2.
Gestion des véhicules (Règles de gestion du matériel de police) ····························· 239

Section 6 Gestion de la sécurité ····················································· 239
1.
Principes de sécurité (entreprise) ··········································· 239
2.
Secret ···································································· 239
3.
Aires protégées ·························································· 244

Section 7 Gestion des documents ···················································· 245
1.
Types de documents officiels au sens du « Règlement sur le fonctionnement et l’innovation du travail administratif » ············ 245
2.
Établissement et entrée en vigueur des documents officiels en vertu du « Règlement sur le fonctionnement et l’innovation du travail administratif » ············· 245

Section 8 Relations publiques de la police ···················································· 246
1.
Types de relations publiques policières ································································· 246
2.
Mesures de lutte contre la désinformation médiatique (Loi sur l'arbitrage de la presse et la réparation des dommages, etc.) ·············· 246

Article 9 Contrôle de police ····················································· 249
1.
Types et dispositifs de contrôle ··········································· 249
2.
Inspection et audit de l'administration et du contrôle de la police ········ 250

06 | Activités policières par domaine
Section 1 Police de la sécurité des personnes ·································································· 256
1.
Activités de la police locale ···················································· 256
2.
Ordre de la vie Travail ··················································· 267
3.
Protection des jeunes et des femmes ·············································· 273

Section 2 Police d'enquête ······················································ 286
1.
Loi spéciale relative à la répression, etc. des infractions sexuelles ·········· 286
2.
Loi spéciale relative à la répression, etc., des crimes de violence domestique········ 292
3.
Loi spéciale relative à la répression, etc., des crimes de maltraitance d'enfants··········294
4.
Loi spéciale relative à la répression, etc., des crimes de harcèlement (abréviation : Loi sur la répression du harcèlement) ············· 298
5.
Loi sur la divulgation des renseignements personnels des suspects de crimes graves spécifiques, etc.······································ 300
6.
Enquête sur les trafiquants de drogue ······································································· 302

Section 3 Police de sécurité ·········································································· 303
1.
Police de sécurité générale ······································································ 303
2.
Sécurité événementielle (Sécurité des foules) ···················································· 305
3.
Dépenses électorales ·························································· 306
4.
Préparation aux catastrophes ················································································· 307
5.
Sécurité des installations clés nationales ······························································ 310
6.
Sécurité de répression de la criminalité multiple ··············································· 310
7.
Agents de sécurité (la sécurité comprend l'escorte et la protection) ············· 311
8.
Sécurité antiterroriste ······················································ 311
9.
Opérations de police ············································································ 314
10.
Police des pétitions ······················································ 318

Section 4 Police de la circulation ······································································ 321
1.
Théorie générale de la police de la circulation ······························································ 321
2.
Activités de la police routière ······································································ 325
3.
Comment traverser le wagon ··········································· 330
4.
Permis de conduire et mesures administratives relatives aux permis ················ 332
5.
Gestion des accidents de la circulation ······························································· 339

Section 5 Police de l'information ···················································· 345
1.
Informations générales ······················································ 345
2.
Vérification des antécédents (Articles 36-37 du Règlement sur le travail de sécurité) ··········· 347
3.
Questions relatives aux rassemblements et aux manifestations (Loi sur les rassemblements et les manifestations) ·················· 347

Section 6 Police de sécurité ···································································· 359
1.
Loi sur la sécurité nationale ······································································· 359
2.
Observation de sécurité ······················································· 362
3.
Loi sur les échanges et la coopération intercoréens························· 366
4.
Gestion des transfuges nord-coréens – Loi sur la protection et l’aide à l’installation des transfuges nord-coréens… 367

Section 7 Affaires étrangères Police ····················································· 371
1.
Cibles de la police des affaires étrangères ······························································ 371
2.
Affaires étrangères Activités de police ·································································· 378
3.
Coopération policière internationale ··································································· 380