General Chemistry for Intellectual Conversation
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Description
Book Introduction
"General Chemistry for Intelligent Conversation" is an introductory book that explains the principles of everyday chemistry in an engaging way, and is a modern guide to general chemistry designed to be easy to read even for beginners.
From atomic structure to biochemistry, energy, and environmental issues, it provides insight into the materials that make up the world we live in and the changes they undergo.
By focusing on concept-centered explanations rather than complex calculations and real-life examples rather than theories, this book provides a friendly first step into chemistry for students of science and engineering, as well as liberal arts and general readers.
Chemistry is a discipline of thought, not memorization.
Now, let's begin our intellectual journey toward a better future.
From atomic structure to biochemistry, energy, and environmental issues, it provides insight into the materials that make up the world we live in and the changes they undergo.
By focusing on concept-centered explanations rather than complex calculations and real-life examples rather than theories, this book provides a friendly first step into chemistry for students of science and engineering, as well as liberal arts and general readers.
Chemistry is a discipline of thought, not memorization.
Now, let's begin our intellectual journey toward a better future.
- You can preview some of the book's contents.
Preview
index
time
Preface ㆍ5
1.
What is Chemistry? ㆍ10
Differences between Chemistry and Physics ㆍ12
Differences Between Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ㆍ14
The Relationship Between Chemistry and Life Sciences ㆍ16
Differences between Chemistry and Materials Engineeringㆍ18
Differences between Chemistry and Polymer Engineeringㆍ19
The Relationship Between Chemistry and Neighboring Disciplinesㆍ21
The Role of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science, and Chemical Engineering in Semiconductor Production ㆍ23
2.
Units and Concepts Used in Chemistryㆍ27
Unit of lengthㆍ28
Volume Unitㆍ30
Weight and Specific Gravityㆍ32
Why Liquids Mix Even When Their Specific Gravity Is Differentㆍ33
Specific gravity of gasㆍ34
Concentrationㆍ35
Temperatureㆍ36
Calories: 37
Specific heat and thermal conductivityㆍ38
Physical and chemical properties of substancesㆍ39
Physical and Chemical Changesㆍ40
Compounds and Mixturesㆍ41
3.
The Beginning of Chemistryㆍ43
Naming Compoundsㆍ45
Naming Oxidesㆍ47
Naming Chloridesㆍ48
Naming Mountainsㆍ49
Naming Organic Compoundsㆍ51
Becoming Friends with the Elementsㆍ52
4.
Elements, Atoms, Moleculesㆍ99
The Structure of the Atom: An Empty, Ordered World Smaller Than Imaginedㆍ101
Mendeleev, the creator of the periodic table: The first person to see the order of chemistryㆍ104
Orbitals that indicate the arrangement of electrons within an atom. 106
The energy levels of an atom, i.e. the orbitals that can exist in the atomic shells. 111
Electrons fill the energy levels starting from the lowest energy levels.ㆍ113
Let me briefly explain the concept of orbitalsㆍ116
Creating a Periodic Tableㆍ117
What You Can Learn from the Periodic Tableㆍ120
Memorizing the Periodic Tableㆍ122
Isotopeㆍ125
Half-lifeㆍ129
5.
Chemical Bondingㆍ132
Ionic bondingㆍ133
Covalent bondㆍ134
Coordination Bondingㆍ137
Metallic Bondingㆍ138
Number of valence electrons: 139
Lewis dot symbolㆍ141
6.
States of Matterㆍ143
Solidㆍ143
Liquidㆍ144
Aircraftㆍ144
Plasmaㆍ145
7.
The Laws of Chemistry and the Moleㆍ146
Law of Conservation of Massㆍ147
The Law of Constant Compositionㆍ148
Law of Multiple Proportionsㆍ150
moleㆍ151
8.
Chemical Formulaㆍ153
Experimental formulaㆍ154
Molecular formulaㆍ156
Structural formulaㆍ157
Canonization Ceremonyㆍ160
9.
Chemical Properties of Elements as Seen from the Periodic Tableㆍ162
Electronegativityㆍ162
Ionization Energyㆍ163
Atomic radiusㆍ165
The Periodic Table and the Relationship Between Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloidsㆍ166
10.
Chemical Bond Energyㆍ168
Ion binding energyㆍ168
Covalent bond energyㆍ169
Metallic binding energyㆍ170
11.
Intermolecular Forcesㆍ172
Van der Waals Forcesㆍ172
Hydrogen bondingㆍ174
Ion-Dipole Interactionㆍ175
Ion-Induced Dipole Interactionㆍ175
12.
Writing Chemical Reaction Equationsㆍ177
Components of a Chemical Reaction Equationㆍ177
Rules for Writing Chemical Reaction Equationsㆍ178
Writing a Chemical Equation for the Methane Combustion Reactionㆍ178
Net ionic equationㆍ179
13.
Chemical Reactionㆍ181
14.
Oxidation-reduction reactionㆍ184
Oxidation number: 186
Oxidation-reduction reactions in our bodies (the action of active oxygen and antioxidants)ㆍ189
Chemistry in Batteries: Energy Generated by Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsㆍ192
The Hidden Chemical Magic of Photographic Processing: Redox Reactions of Silver Compoundsㆍ194
Environmental Issues and Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsㆍ195
15.
Acids and Basesㆍ198
pHㆍ 199
Mountain 201
Baseㆍ203
16.
Neutralization Reactionㆍ206
How Antacids Work: The Secret to Heartburn Reliefㆍ207
Neutralization of acid wastewaterㆍ208
Neutralization of acidic soilsㆍ210
17.
Solutionㆍ212
Solubilityㆍ213
Molar concentration, mass percent, molal concentrationㆍ214
Lowering the vapor pressure and vapor pressure of the solutionㆍ216
Boiling point riseㆍ218
Osmotic pressureㆍ219
18.
Chemical Reaction Rateㆍ222
Reaction Mechanismㆍ224
Catalystㆍ226
Chemical Equilibriumㆍ229
19.
Organic Chemistryㆍ233
Sigma (σ) bonds and pi (π) bondsㆍ233
Hydrocarbonㆍ236
Aromatic compoundsㆍ238
Carbon compounds containing functional groupsㆍ239
20.
Organic Reactionsㆍ243
Addition reactionㆍ243
Substitution Reactionㆍ245
Elimination reactionㆍ248
21.
Polymerization reactionㆍ250
Addition polymerizationㆍ250
Coordination polymerizationㆍ257
Condensation polymerizationㆍ258
Living Polymerizationㆍ260
22.
Movement of Gasㆍ262
General Properties of Gasesㆍ263
Gas pressureㆍ264
The Law of Equal Energy Distribution and Kinetic Energyㆍ265
Boyle's Lawㆍ266
Charles's Lawㆍ268
Avogadro's Lawㆍ269
Avogadro's number and Avogadro's volumeㆍ270
Do Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law differ for real gases?ㆍ271
Ideal Gas Equation of Stateㆍ272
Do water molecules increase in size when they change from a liquid to a gas?ㆍ273
Why Gases Don't Easily Turn into Liquidsㆍ275
Gas mixtureㆍ276
23.
Physical Chemistryㆍ277
Basic Concepts of Thermodynamicsㆍ278
The First Law of Thermodynamics and Enthalpyㆍ279
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamicsㆍ283
The Third Law of Thermodynamicsㆍ286
The Importance of Thermodynamicsㆍ287
24.
Electrochemistryㆍ289
Fundamentals of Electrochemistryㆍ290
Types of Electrochemistryㆍ291
25.
Crystal Chemistryㆍ293
Cubic system ㆍ295
Square systemㆍ297
Four-sided systemㆍ298
Hexagonal systemㆍ299
Samsajeonggyeㆍ301
Monoclinic systemㆍ302
Triangular systemㆍ304
The Relationship Between Crystal Structure and Chemical Bondingㆍ306
Crystal Growth and Crystallizationㆍ308
Conclusionㆍ313?
Preface ㆍ5
1.
What is Chemistry? ㆍ10
Differences between Chemistry and Physics ㆍ12
Differences Between Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ㆍ14
The Relationship Between Chemistry and Life Sciences ㆍ16
Differences between Chemistry and Materials Engineeringㆍ18
Differences between Chemistry and Polymer Engineeringㆍ19
The Relationship Between Chemistry and Neighboring Disciplinesㆍ21
The Role of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science, and Chemical Engineering in Semiconductor Production ㆍ23
2.
Units and Concepts Used in Chemistryㆍ27
Unit of lengthㆍ28
Volume Unitㆍ30
Weight and Specific Gravityㆍ32
Why Liquids Mix Even When Their Specific Gravity Is Differentㆍ33
Specific gravity of gasㆍ34
Concentrationㆍ35
Temperatureㆍ36
Calories: 37
Specific heat and thermal conductivityㆍ38
Physical and chemical properties of substancesㆍ39
Physical and Chemical Changesㆍ40
Compounds and Mixturesㆍ41
3.
The Beginning of Chemistryㆍ43
Naming Compoundsㆍ45
Naming Oxidesㆍ47
Naming Chloridesㆍ48
Naming Mountainsㆍ49
Naming Organic Compoundsㆍ51
Becoming Friends with the Elementsㆍ52
4.
Elements, Atoms, Moleculesㆍ99
The Structure of the Atom: An Empty, Ordered World Smaller Than Imaginedㆍ101
Mendeleev, the creator of the periodic table: The first person to see the order of chemistryㆍ104
Orbitals that indicate the arrangement of electrons within an atom. 106
The energy levels of an atom, i.e. the orbitals that can exist in the atomic shells. 111
Electrons fill the energy levels starting from the lowest energy levels.ㆍ113
Let me briefly explain the concept of orbitalsㆍ116
Creating a Periodic Tableㆍ117
What You Can Learn from the Periodic Tableㆍ120
Memorizing the Periodic Tableㆍ122
Isotopeㆍ125
Half-lifeㆍ129
5.
Chemical Bondingㆍ132
Ionic bondingㆍ133
Covalent bondㆍ134
Coordination Bondingㆍ137
Metallic Bondingㆍ138
Number of valence electrons: 139
Lewis dot symbolㆍ141
6.
States of Matterㆍ143
Solidㆍ143
Liquidㆍ144
Aircraftㆍ144
Plasmaㆍ145
7.
The Laws of Chemistry and the Moleㆍ146
Law of Conservation of Massㆍ147
The Law of Constant Compositionㆍ148
Law of Multiple Proportionsㆍ150
moleㆍ151
8.
Chemical Formulaㆍ153
Experimental formulaㆍ154
Molecular formulaㆍ156
Structural formulaㆍ157
Canonization Ceremonyㆍ160
9.
Chemical Properties of Elements as Seen from the Periodic Tableㆍ162
Electronegativityㆍ162
Ionization Energyㆍ163
Atomic radiusㆍ165
The Periodic Table and the Relationship Between Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloidsㆍ166
10.
Chemical Bond Energyㆍ168
Ion binding energyㆍ168
Covalent bond energyㆍ169
Metallic binding energyㆍ170
11.
Intermolecular Forcesㆍ172
Van der Waals Forcesㆍ172
Hydrogen bondingㆍ174
Ion-Dipole Interactionㆍ175
Ion-Induced Dipole Interactionㆍ175
12.
Writing Chemical Reaction Equationsㆍ177
Components of a Chemical Reaction Equationㆍ177
Rules for Writing Chemical Reaction Equationsㆍ178
Writing a Chemical Equation for the Methane Combustion Reactionㆍ178
Net ionic equationㆍ179
13.
Chemical Reactionㆍ181
14.
Oxidation-reduction reactionㆍ184
Oxidation number: 186
Oxidation-reduction reactions in our bodies (the action of active oxygen and antioxidants)ㆍ189
Chemistry in Batteries: Energy Generated by Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsㆍ192
The Hidden Chemical Magic of Photographic Processing: Redox Reactions of Silver Compoundsㆍ194
Environmental Issues and Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsㆍ195
15.
Acids and Basesㆍ198
pHㆍ 199
Mountain 201
Baseㆍ203
16.
Neutralization Reactionㆍ206
How Antacids Work: The Secret to Heartburn Reliefㆍ207
Neutralization of acid wastewaterㆍ208
Neutralization of acidic soilsㆍ210
17.
Solutionㆍ212
Solubilityㆍ213
Molar concentration, mass percent, molal concentrationㆍ214
Lowering the vapor pressure and vapor pressure of the solutionㆍ216
Boiling point riseㆍ218
Osmotic pressureㆍ219
18.
Chemical Reaction Rateㆍ222
Reaction Mechanismㆍ224
Catalystㆍ226
Chemical Equilibriumㆍ229
19.
Organic Chemistryㆍ233
Sigma (σ) bonds and pi (π) bondsㆍ233
Hydrocarbonㆍ236
Aromatic compoundsㆍ238
Carbon compounds containing functional groupsㆍ239
20.
Organic Reactionsㆍ243
Addition reactionㆍ243
Substitution Reactionㆍ245
Elimination reactionㆍ248
21.
Polymerization reactionㆍ250
Addition polymerizationㆍ250
Coordination polymerizationㆍ257
Condensation polymerizationㆍ258
Living Polymerizationㆍ260
22.
Movement of Gasㆍ262
General Properties of Gasesㆍ263
Gas pressureㆍ264
The Law of Equal Energy Distribution and Kinetic Energyㆍ265
Boyle's Lawㆍ266
Charles's Lawㆍ268
Avogadro's Lawㆍ269
Avogadro's number and Avogadro's volumeㆍ270
Do Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law differ for real gases?ㆍ271
Ideal Gas Equation of Stateㆍ272
Do water molecules increase in size when they change from a liquid to a gas?ㆍ273
Why Gases Don't Easily Turn into Liquidsㆍ275
Gas mixtureㆍ276
23.
Physical Chemistryㆍ277
Basic Concepts of Thermodynamicsㆍ278
The First Law of Thermodynamics and Enthalpyㆍ279
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamicsㆍ283
The Third Law of Thermodynamicsㆍ286
The Importance of Thermodynamicsㆍ287
24.
Electrochemistryㆍ289
Fundamentals of Electrochemistryㆍ290
Types of Electrochemistryㆍ291
25.
Crystal Chemistryㆍ293
Cubic system ㆍ295
Square systemㆍ297
Four-sided systemㆍ298
Hexagonal systemㆍ299
Samsajeonggyeㆍ301
Monoclinic systemㆍ302
Triangular systemㆍ304
The Relationship Between Crystal Structure and Chemical Bondingㆍ306
Crystal Growth and Crystallizationㆍ308
Conclusionㆍ313?
Into the book
Chemistry is the study of the properties and changes of substances that make up everything around us.
The air we breathe, the water we drink, the detergents we use, the clothes we wear, the medicines we take—all of these are made up of matter, and chemistry is hidden within them.
Chemistry begins with atoms and molecules, the smallest units that make up the world.
These can be combined in a variety of ways, much like Lego blocks, to create countless materials.
Just as you can build a car, a castle, or a spaceship with just a few Lego blocks, the properties of a material change completely depending on how you combine its atoms.
Chemistry is the study of how properties appear, how they react and change under what conditions.
--- p.10
● What is an orbital?
Orbitals can be understood as a three-dimensional space where electrons are likely to be present.
Electrons are not fixed to a specific location, but at a given energy state, they are likely to exist within a given type of orbital.
These orbitals are not just a simple spatial concept; they are a mathematical and physical model that reflects the energy state, movement, and chemical properties of electrons.
The thing to note here is the word 'model'.
In science, a model is not an absolute truth, but an explanatory tool that makes it easier to explain and predict complex natural phenomena.
In other words, orbitals are not entities that perfectly describe electrons, but rather rational inferences based on scientists' calculations and experiences to understand electron behavior.
--- p.106-107
Components of a chemical reaction equation
1.
Reactants are substances that participate in the reaction and are indicated to the left of the arrow.
2.
The product is the substance produced as a result of the reaction and is indicated to the right of the arrow.
3.
Arrows (→) indicate the direction of reaction progression.
4.
Coefficients are written in front of a chemical formula and indicate the number of molecules or atoms participating in the reaction.
5.
The state indicator is a symbol that indicates the state of a substance, (s) means solid, (l) means liquid, (g) means gas, and (aq) means aqueous solution.
Rules for writing chemical equations
1.
Use the exact chemical formulas for the reactants and products.
2.
Insert an arrow (→) between the reactants and products.
3.
Adjust the coefficients so that the types and numbers of atoms are the same before and after the reaction.
4.
When necessary, the state of the substance is indicated in parentheses after the chemical formula.
--- p.177-178
Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules, regardless of type.
In other words, even if the types of gases are different, if the temperature and pressure are the same, the number of molecules contained in the same volume is the same.
This law is expressed in the formula V/n = k, where V is volume, n is the number of moles, and k is a constant.
That is, the volume divided by the number of moles remains constant for all gases.
The air we breathe, the water we drink, the detergents we use, the clothes we wear, the medicines we take—all of these are made up of matter, and chemistry is hidden within them.
Chemistry begins with atoms and molecules, the smallest units that make up the world.
These can be combined in a variety of ways, much like Lego blocks, to create countless materials.
Just as you can build a car, a castle, or a spaceship with just a few Lego blocks, the properties of a material change completely depending on how you combine its atoms.
Chemistry is the study of how properties appear, how they react and change under what conditions.
--- p.10
● What is an orbital?
Orbitals can be understood as a three-dimensional space where electrons are likely to be present.
Electrons are not fixed to a specific location, but at a given energy state, they are likely to exist within a given type of orbital.
These orbitals are not just a simple spatial concept; they are a mathematical and physical model that reflects the energy state, movement, and chemical properties of electrons.
The thing to note here is the word 'model'.
In science, a model is not an absolute truth, but an explanatory tool that makes it easier to explain and predict complex natural phenomena.
In other words, orbitals are not entities that perfectly describe electrons, but rather rational inferences based on scientists' calculations and experiences to understand electron behavior.
--- p.106-107
Components of a chemical reaction equation
1.
Reactants are substances that participate in the reaction and are indicated to the left of the arrow.
2.
The product is the substance produced as a result of the reaction and is indicated to the right of the arrow.
3.
Arrows (→) indicate the direction of reaction progression.
4.
Coefficients are written in front of a chemical formula and indicate the number of molecules or atoms participating in the reaction.
5.
The state indicator is a symbol that indicates the state of a substance, (s) means solid, (l) means liquid, (g) means gas, and (aq) means aqueous solution.
Rules for writing chemical equations
1.
Use the exact chemical formulas for the reactants and products.
2.
Insert an arrow (→) between the reactants and products.
3.
Adjust the coefficients so that the types and numbers of atoms are the same before and after the reaction.
4.
When necessary, the state of the substance is indicated in parentheses after the chemical formula.
--- p.177-178
Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules, regardless of type.
In other words, even if the types of gases are different, if the temperature and pressure are the same, the number of molecules contained in the same volume is the same.
This law is expressed in the formula V/n = k, where V is volume, n is the number of moles, and k is a constant.
That is, the volume divided by the number of moles remains constant for all gases.
--- p.269
Publisher's Review
Chemistry stories that anyone can easily understand
This book was written to help college students and general readers more easily understand college-level general chemistry content.
Chemistry is a discipline that explores the nature of substances that make up nature and the processes of their transformation. It is a core discipline that forms the fundamental axis of natural science, along with mathematics and physics.
The air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, and even the products we use—almost everything in our daily lives is based on the principles of chemistry, which is a clear reason why we should study chemistry.
Chemistry is the foundation of industry and a core technology that made modern civilization possible.
Most products manufactured today are created through chemical reactions and principles, and a basic understanding of the structure and reactions of substances is essential for anyone interested in working in industry.
The reason we teach general chemistry to science and engineering students in college is to help them understand the fundamentals of chemistry, thereby enabling them to understand industrial settings and prepare for the advancement of future technologies.
This book, based on the recognition that existing general chemistry textbooks have an overly broad scope and complex calculations, making it difficult to grasp core concepts, has organized its content around essential concepts and real-life examples.
Therefore, we aim to provide a deep understanding of the principles of chemical reactions and the composition of substances, but we have boldly excluded complex calculations that may hinder beginners' learning.
In reality, most chemical calculations can be done with elementary school level mathematics, and in practice, it is more effective to selectively learn only the calculations necessary for the situation.
Additionally, this book prioritizes chemical information that frequently appears in daily life and the news, and is structured to help readers experience how chemistry connects with their lives.
It covers a wide range of topics, including atomic structure, chemical bonding, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and biochemistry, while allowing students to naturally learn chemistry concepts.
Chemistry is not a subject of simple memorization, but a discipline that requires logical thinking and reasoning.
Therefore, this book aims for concept-centered learning and is structured so that not only science and engineering students, but also liberal arts students and the general public can fully understand and utilize it.
As an introductory text to general chemistry, this book will serve as your first gateway into the world of chemistry and a guide to developing your scientific thinking skills.
-From the author's preface-
Chemistry is the power to change the world.
In this book, the author covers the fundamental principles of chemistry and how they relate to real life.
Chemistry is not just knowledge that remains in the laboratory; it is a core tool applied across all areas of real life, including the environment, energy, medicine, and industry.
An understanding of chemistry is essential for a sustainable society and for designing technologies and policies, and it is you, the readers who have studied chemistry, who will lead this change.
Chemistry is a force that can change the world, and that power is now in your hands.
This book was written to help college students and general readers more easily understand college-level general chemistry content.
Chemistry is a discipline that explores the nature of substances that make up nature and the processes of their transformation. It is a core discipline that forms the fundamental axis of natural science, along with mathematics and physics.
The air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, and even the products we use—almost everything in our daily lives is based on the principles of chemistry, which is a clear reason why we should study chemistry.
Chemistry is the foundation of industry and a core technology that made modern civilization possible.
Most products manufactured today are created through chemical reactions and principles, and a basic understanding of the structure and reactions of substances is essential for anyone interested in working in industry.
The reason we teach general chemistry to science and engineering students in college is to help them understand the fundamentals of chemistry, thereby enabling them to understand industrial settings and prepare for the advancement of future technologies.
This book, based on the recognition that existing general chemistry textbooks have an overly broad scope and complex calculations, making it difficult to grasp core concepts, has organized its content around essential concepts and real-life examples.
Therefore, we aim to provide a deep understanding of the principles of chemical reactions and the composition of substances, but we have boldly excluded complex calculations that may hinder beginners' learning.
In reality, most chemical calculations can be done with elementary school level mathematics, and in practice, it is more effective to selectively learn only the calculations necessary for the situation.
Additionally, this book prioritizes chemical information that frequently appears in daily life and the news, and is structured to help readers experience how chemistry connects with their lives.
It covers a wide range of topics, including atomic structure, chemical bonding, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and biochemistry, while allowing students to naturally learn chemistry concepts.
Chemistry is not a subject of simple memorization, but a discipline that requires logical thinking and reasoning.
Therefore, this book aims for concept-centered learning and is structured so that not only science and engineering students, but also liberal arts students and the general public can fully understand and utilize it.
As an introductory text to general chemistry, this book will serve as your first gateway into the world of chemistry and a guide to developing your scientific thinking skills.
-From the author's preface-
Chemistry is the power to change the world.
In this book, the author covers the fundamental principles of chemistry and how they relate to real life.
Chemistry is not just knowledge that remains in the laboratory; it is a core tool applied across all areas of real life, including the environment, energy, medicine, and industry.
An understanding of chemistry is essential for a sustainable society and for designing technologies and policies, and it is you, the readers who have studied chemistry, who will lead this change.
Chemistry is a force that can change the world, and that power is now in your hands.
GOODS SPECIFICS
- Date of issue: July 1, 2025
- Page count, weight, size: 316 pages | 580g | 152*1,223*16mm
- ISBN13: 9791194166580
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