Prologue_A Hitchhiker's Guide to "The History of Thought: A 5-Minute Philosophy Guide"

Chapter 1: Ancient Times

First reductionism
Thales: All things are water.

The first world map
Anaximander: Apeiron (feat.
Einstein)

But the earth is still flat
Anaximenes: All things are air (feat.
Hegel)

Why doesn't this fit perfectly?
Pythagoras: All things are number

The philosopher who threw himself into the volcano
Empedocles: The Four Elements (feat.
The Fifth Element)

Fanta Ray
Heraclitus: Everything flows.

Corner philosopher
Parmenides: The Eternal and Unchanging World

Is Usain Bolt's 100-meter record real?
Zeno and Melissus: Are Change and Motion Possible?

Am I really me?
The Ship of Theseus: The Problem of Change and Identity

Nothing exists
Gorgias: Extreme Skepticism

I'll make the decision
Protagoras: Man is the measure of all things.

Let's have fun philosophizing
Democritus: Atomic Theory

At least I know that I don't know
Socrates: The Knowledge of Ignorance, Midwifery, and the Theory of Recollection

It's dangerous outside the cave
Plato: The Allegory of the Cave and the Theory of Forms 1

Let's go! Over there...
Plato: The Allegory of the Cave and the Theory of Forms 2

Politics is a battlefield
Plato: The Triad of Souls and the Republic

The problem is the ratio
Plato: The Great Theory of Beauty

My dog-like life
Diogenes: Be true to your instincts.

Idea mild taste
Aristotle: Metaphysics (feat.
Platon)

Between cowardice and absurdity
Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics (feat.
Virtue, Eudaimonia, Arete)

Dude, let's just go with Valentine's Day 17.
Aristotle: Aesthetics

I don't know!
Pyrrho: Ancient Skepticism

Healing Philosophy
Epicurus: Hedonism

Death, come to me!
Stoicism

The last ancient philosopher
Plotinus: Theory of Oneness

Chapter 2: Middle Ages

I have a confession to make.
Augustine: Confessions

Life is like a spinning watermill
Boethius: The Consolation of Philosophy

First cause
Thomas Aquinas: Cosmological Proof of God's Existence

Do humans exist?
Universal Debate 1 (feat.
Realism, Nominalism, Moderate Realism)

Is Ma Dong-seok really brave?
Universal Debate 2

Is reason the enemy of faith?
Averroes and Thomas Aquinas: Problems of Theology and Philosophy

A Defense for God
Transfiguration

Simple is the answer
William of Occam: Occam's Razor

The bravery of a lion, the cunning of a fox
Machiavelli: The Prince

Chapter 3 Modern Times

Break free from prejudice
Bacon: Four Idols

The war of all against all
Hobbes: Leviathan

Requesting asylum in the real world
Descartes: I think, therefore I am.

The road to heaven
Pascal: Pascal's Wager Argument

Nature is God
Spinoza: Pantheism

What is the source of knowledge?
Locke: Tabula Rasa (feat.
Descartes)

The Three-Faced Philosopher
Leibniz: Monads have no windows.

Fuxi and Leibniz
Fuxi: The Logical System of the Book of Changes

If only one hand remained in the universe…
Newton and Leibniz: Theories of Time and Space

To exist is to be perceived
Berkeley: Subjective Idealism

obsessive minimalist
Hume: A minimalist who even abandoned himself

A dinner created by their selfishness
Adam Smith: The Invisible Hand

Copernican shift
Kant: Critique of Pure Reason 1

A concept without intuition is empty.
Kant: Critique of Pure Reason 2

Who is moral?
Kant: Critique of Practical Reason

The owl that loved chrysanthemums
Kant: Critique of Judgment 1 (On Beauty)

An unpleasant but good feeling
Kant: Critique of Judgment 2 (On the Sublime)

If you push that man, you will save 5 people.
Utilitarianism (feat.
Bentham, Mill, Spencer)

Disorganized hierarchy
Fichte: Subjective Idealism

The night when all the cows look black
Schelling: Objective Idealism

Solitude is also a skill
Schopenhauer: The World as Will and Representation

A life-threatening struggle for recognition
Hegel: Phenomenology of Spirit 1 (feat.
Kant, Fichte, Schelling)

Napoleon becomes Don Quixote
Hegel: Phenomenology of Spirit 2 (feat.
Kant, Fichte, Schelling, artificial intelligence)

The rebel who overturned Hegel
Marx: Dialectical Materialism (feat.
Capital, surplus value theory, scientific socialism)

[Special Section 1] Logic
A strange song sung for 600 years
Aristotle: Classical Logic

Logical Thinking, Scientific Method 1
Deduction (feat.
Aristotle, Descartes, Galileo)

Logical Thinking, Scientific Method 2
Induction (feat.
Bacon, Wheat, Russell, Hume)

If you're Kim Tae-hee, I'm Jang Dong-gun.
Truth conditions of conditional statements

I only need you
Necessary and sufficient conditions

About Chorang and Parok
The New Problem of Induction

How to speak properly
Formal Error (feat.
(categorical logic, propositional logic)

[Special Section 2] Aesthetics
The problem is the ratio
Plato: The Grand Theory of Beauty

Dude, let's just go with Valentine's Day 17.
Aristotle: Aesthetics

The owl that loved chrysanthemums
Kant: Critique of Judgment 1 (On Beauty)

An unpleasant but good feeling
Kant: Critique of Judgment 2 (On the Sublime)

I am not Magritte
Michel Foucault: This is not a pipe

Why do we feel moved when we listen to music?
Philosophical Reflections on the Psychology of Music 1

Why do we get excited when we listen to music?
Philosophical Reflections on Music Psychology 2

Epilogue_Welcome to Philosophy Village

The book "A Map of the History of Philosophy" contains all imaginable human thought in a concise summary of the history of human thought.
This is why philosophy is fun.
The 100 greatest philosophers have had the same thoughts and questions as I do today, and have tried to answer them as best as they can.


“What is the world?”, “What is a human being?”, “Is the world changing?”, “Is time travel possible?”, “How should I live?”, “That person is driving me crazy!”…

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The minimum humanities knowledge needed to map out your thoughts: "5-Minute Philosophy: The History of Thought"

"5-Minute Philosophy - The History of Thought" is a liberal arts philosophy book that shows how the core questions posed by philosophers from ancient times to the present and the answers to them have changed, like drawing a "map of human thought."


The author, Dr. Pil-Young Kim, is a philosophy graduate and company employee, and the operator of the number one philosophy YouTube channel, “5-Minute Philosophy.”
Thanks to the author's unique background, "5-Minute Philosophy: A History of Thought" has a broader spectrum than other philosophy books.
It covers a wide range of topics, including not only orthodox philosophical fields such as ontology, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, and philosophy of religion, but also logic, science and mathematics, language and structure, psychology, and aesthetics.


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Another advantage is that each article includes a YouTube video QR code, allowing you to read the book and then review it again with the video.