Shin & Golem Co., Ltd.
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Description
Book Introduction
“The world of the future will require us to challenge the limits of our intelligence more than ever before.”
Cybernetics pioneer Norbert Wiener's apocalyptic vision of the AI era
Norbert Wiener's thoughts on the coexistence of humans and machines and the new relationship between humans and machines.
To achieve coexistence between humans and machines and a new relationship between humans and machines, Winner takes a look at old human beliefs and religions.
Religion is a system of human moral norms that is reexamined through the scientific tool of cybernetics.
The modern information and communications revolution, spearheaded by artificial intelligence, owes more to one person than anyone else.
He is Norbert Wiener, the father of cybernetics, the science of communication and control that became the conceptual foundation of artificial intelligence.
Cybernetics, first published in 1948, had the unfamiliar subtitle, “Control and Communication in Animals and Machines.”
Cybernetics became the magic spell that brought about the 'cyber' world by explaining the behavior of both living beings such as humans and animals and inanimate objects such as machines as an information processing process based on feedback.
Cybernetics is freely floating around, having a wide-ranging impact on diverse fields such as engineering, psychology, sociology, economics, and aesthetics.
Between the blind condemnation and praise of cybernetics, Norbert Wiener has consistently written popular books, lectures, and critiques to bridge the gap of misunderstanding.
《The Human Use of Man》 is a social philosophical work that emerged from this process, and his last work, 《God & Golem, Inc.》, is a rewrite and composition of lectures given at Yale University and the International Philosophical Colloquium of Royautmont in 1962.
Wiener, a pioneer of cybernetics who shook humanity's long-held humanistic beliefs to their core by explaining life and machines as identical mechanisms, paradoxically constantly warned of the dangers of technological advancement without human and social intervention.
According to Winner, learning machines and automation technologies are end-achievement machines that do not consider the means, like the "monkey paw" in Jacobs' short story.
The morals and values of humans and society must continually intervene in this automated process of goal achievement through step-by-step feedback on the goal.
And for this purpose-achieving machine, “the enormous price we have to pay is our honesty and intelligence.
“The world of the future will require us to push the limits of our intelligence more than ever before, and not in a comfortable hammock with robot slaves waiting by our side,” he says.
The Macy Conference, a cybernetics research group that advocated interdisciplinary research from its inception, formed new perspectives by covering a wide range of topics, including animal behavior, psychology, society, language, and economics.
Afterwards, Wiener, who had lost the ideal of a horizontal scientific community, distanced himself from the Macy conference, and cybernetics was accepted and developed independently in each field.
Perhaps the era of artificial intelligence we now face is the social outcome of these individual studies.
Cybernetics pioneer Norbert Wiener's apocalyptic vision of the AI era
Norbert Wiener's thoughts on the coexistence of humans and machines and the new relationship between humans and machines.
To achieve coexistence between humans and machines and a new relationship between humans and machines, Winner takes a look at old human beliefs and religions.
Religion is a system of human moral norms that is reexamined through the scientific tool of cybernetics.
The modern information and communications revolution, spearheaded by artificial intelligence, owes more to one person than anyone else.
He is Norbert Wiener, the father of cybernetics, the science of communication and control that became the conceptual foundation of artificial intelligence.
Cybernetics, first published in 1948, had the unfamiliar subtitle, “Control and Communication in Animals and Machines.”
Cybernetics became the magic spell that brought about the 'cyber' world by explaining the behavior of both living beings such as humans and animals and inanimate objects such as machines as an information processing process based on feedback.
Cybernetics is freely floating around, having a wide-ranging impact on diverse fields such as engineering, psychology, sociology, economics, and aesthetics.
Between the blind condemnation and praise of cybernetics, Norbert Wiener has consistently written popular books, lectures, and critiques to bridge the gap of misunderstanding.
《The Human Use of Man》 is a social philosophical work that emerged from this process, and his last work, 《God & Golem, Inc.》, is a rewrite and composition of lectures given at Yale University and the International Philosophical Colloquium of Royautmont in 1962.
Wiener, a pioneer of cybernetics who shook humanity's long-held humanistic beliefs to their core by explaining life and machines as identical mechanisms, paradoxically constantly warned of the dangers of technological advancement without human and social intervention.
According to Winner, learning machines and automation technologies are end-achievement machines that do not consider the means, like the "monkey paw" in Jacobs' short story.
The morals and values of humans and society must continually intervene in this automated process of goal achievement through step-by-step feedback on the goal.
And for this purpose-achieving machine, “the enormous price we have to pay is our honesty and intelligence.
“The world of the future will require us to push the limits of our intelligence more than ever before, and not in a comfortable hammock with robot slaves waiting by our side,” he says.
The Macy Conference, a cybernetics research group that advocated interdisciplinary research from its inception, formed new perspectives by covering a wide range of topics, including animal behavior, psychology, society, language, and economics.
Afterwards, Wiener, who had lost the ideal of a horizontal scientific community, distanced himself from the Macy conference, and cybernetics was accepted and developed independently in each field.
Perhaps the era of artificial intelligence we now face is the social outcome of these individual studies.
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Into the book
Knowledge is intimately intertwined with communication, power with control, and the evaluation of human purpose with all normative aspects of ethics and religion.
Therefore, it can be said to be a revised version of the relationship between science and religion, reexamining our ideas on these issues in line with the most recent theoretical and practical technological developments.
This is not a scientific study in itself, nor is it a study of the relationship between science and religion in the full sense.
But what is certain is that it is an indispensable prelude to such research.
--- p.13
To do so, I must force the religious situation into my cybernetic frame, and I am fully aware that this is violence.
My defense here is that without the anatomist's scalpel, we would not have the science of anatomy, and the anatomist's scalpel becomes an instrument of inquiry only through violence.
--- p.19
The magic of automation, especially machine-learning automation, is equally old-fashioned.
If you set up a gaming machine to play by certain rules and play to win, then whatever you end up with will be a win, and the machine will not care about anything other than winning according to the rules.
--- p.70
no.
It's not very hopeful to expect a future world where we don't have to think about our new machine slaves.
They can help us.
But the enormous price we pay for this is our honesty and intelligence.
The future world will require us to push the limits of our intelligence more than ever before, and not in a comfortable hammock with robot slaves waiting by our side.
--- p.78
The major future problem we face is the relationship between humans and machines, and how to appropriately allocate functions between these two entities.
On the surface, the machine has a clear advantage.
Machines can be made to run faster and more uniformly, and if well designed, they can be made to have these characteristics.
Digital computing machines could do a year's work for a team of computer scientists in a day, with minimal errors and mistakes.
On the other hand, humans also have considerable advantages.
Aside from the fact that any conscious human being prioritizes human goals in human-machine relationships, humans are far more complex than machines and have a much wider range of behavioral diversity.
Therefore, it can be said to be a revised version of the relationship between science and religion, reexamining our ideas on these issues in line with the most recent theoretical and practical technological developments.
This is not a scientific study in itself, nor is it a study of the relationship between science and religion in the full sense.
But what is certain is that it is an indispensable prelude to such research.
--- p.13
To do so, I must force the religious situation into my cybernetic frame, and I am fully aware that this is violence.
My defense here is that without the anatomist's scalpel, we would not have the science of anatomy, and the anatomist's scalpel becomes an instrument of inquiry only through violence.
--- p.19
The magic of automation, especially machine-learning automation, is equally old-fashioned.
If you set up a gaming machine to play by certain rules and play to win, then whatever you end up with will be a win, and the machine will not care about anything other than winning according to the rules.
--- p.70
no.
It's not very hopeful to expect a future world where we don't have to think about our new machine slaves.
They can help us.
But the enormous price we pay for this is our honesty and intelligence.
The future world will require us to push the limits of our intelligence more than ever before, and not in a comfortable hammock with robot slaves waiting by our side.
--- p.78
The major future problem we face is the relationship between humans and machines, and how to appropriately allocate functions between these two entities.
On the surface, the machine has a clear advantage.
Machines can be made to run faster and more uniformly, and if well designed, they can be made to have these characteristics.
Digital computing machines could do a year's work for a team of computer scientists in a day, with minimal errors and mistakes.
On the other hand, humans also have considerable advantages.
Aside from the fact that any conscious human being prioritizes human goals in human-machine relationships, humans are far more complex than machines and have a much wider range of behavioral diversity.
--- p.79
Publisher's Review
This little booklet, oddly titled "Shin & Golem, Inc.", was Winner's last work before his death.
Winner, a brilliant genius who received a doctorate from Harvard at the age of 18, received a strict education and lived a life of faith under his theologian father.
Despite the harsh ordeal that left him with lifelong inner turmoil and bipolar disorder, Winner remained steadfast in his commitment to ethical and religious values in the technology he developed.
Learning machines are something that shakes our long-held humanistic beliefs and faith in human values to their core.
In the somewhat pedantic subtitle, “Comments on Certain Aspects of Cybernetics’ Encroachment on Religion,” Wiener views religion as a system of human moral norms and addresses three aspects that we should reexamine through the concepts and theories of cybernetics.
Although Winner does not go so far as to completely reject religion, he applies the scientific tool of cybernetics to religion for the coexistence and new relationships between humans and machines, and for the flexible homeostasis of society.
First, can machines learn like humans?
“It won, and it learned how to win.
And the learning method was, in principle, no different from the human method.” Learning has been understood as a property of self-conscious living organisms, but we are now witnessing the dazzling growth of learning machines day by day.
Second, can machines reproduce themselves?
Winner answers, “Yes.”
Humans have created 'machines that can very well make other machines in their own image.'
The machine is a modern-day golem, created from clay and brought to life.
Third, what should the relationship between humans and machines be like now?
“Render to man the things that are man’s, and to machine the things that are machine’s,” Winner replies, quoting a biblical passage.
What needs to be considered here is ethical and the study of systems that include both human and machine elements.
In 1964, when this book was written, learning machines had beaten some humans at checkers and were struggling with the more complex game of chess.
Learning machines have long since surpassed humans in the game of Go.
Processing unstructured data and creative fields such as drawing and writing are also overwhelmingly overwhelming for humans.
Over the past 60 years, artificial intelligence technology has advanced remarkably, but our old beliefs and humanism remain stagnant in the face of this new revolution.
The new relationship and coexistence between machines and humans will not come from the vague fears of conservatives or the unconditional praise of machine worshippers.
Norbert Wiener's prediction has now become our reality, and what lies ahead is a reexamination of our ethics, morals, and society, which has failed to keep pace with technology over the past 60 years.
It is said that God created man in his own image, and man created a golem out of clay and breathed life into it.
Winner seems to be saying that the new relationship between humans and machines lies in the operating system of individual entities, a joint stock company, which includes elements of both gods and golems.
Winner, a brilliant genius who received a doctorate from Harvard at the age of 18, received a strict education and lived a life of faith under his theologian father.
Despite the harsh ordeal that left him with lifelong inner turmoil and bipolar disorder, Winner remained steadfast in his commitment to ethical and religious values in the technology he developed.
Learning machines are something that shakes our long-held humanistic beliefs and faith in human values to their core.
In the somewhat pedantic subtitle, “Comments on Certain Aspects of Cybernetics’ Encroachment on Religion,” Wiener views religion as a system of human moral norms and addresses three aspects that we should reexamine through the concepts and theories of cybernetics.
Although Winner does not go so far as to completely reject religion, he applies the scientific tool of cybernetics to religion for the coexistence and new relationships between humans and machines, and for the flexible homeostasis of society.
First, can machines learn like humans?
“It won, and it learned how to win.
And the learning method was, in principle, no different from the human method.” Learning has been understood as a property of self-conscious living organisms, but we are now witnessing the dazzling growth of learning machines day by day.
Second, can machines reproduce themselves?
Winner answers, “Yes.”
Humans have created 'machines that can very well make other machines in their own image.'
The machine is a modern-day golem, created from clay and brought to life.
Third, what should the relationship between humans and machines be like now?
“Render to man the things that are man’s, and to machine the things that are machine’s,” Winner replies, quoting a biblical passage.
What needs to be considered here is ethical and the study of systems that include both human and machine elements.
In 1964, when this book was written, learning machines had beaten some humans at checkers and were struggling with the more complex game of chess.
Learning machines have long since surpassed humans in the game of Go.
Processing unstructured data and creative fields such as drawing and writing are also overwhelmingly overwhelming for humans.
Over the past 60 years, artificial intelligence technology has advanced remarkably, but our old beliefs and humanism remain stagnant in the face of this new revolution.
The new relationship and coexistence between machines and humans will not come from the vague fears of conservatives or the unconditional praise of machine worshippers.
Norbert Wiener's prediction has now become our reality, and what lies ahead is a reexamination of our ethics, morals, and society, which has failed to keep pace with technology over the past 60 years.
It is said that God created man in his own image, and man created a golem out of clay and breathed life into it.
Winner seems to be saying that the new relationship between humans and machines lies in the operating system of individual entities, a joint stock company, which includes elements of both gods and golems.
GOODS SPECIFICS
- Date of issue: June 21, 2024
- Format: Hardcover book binding method guide
- Page count, weight, size: 108 pages | 190g | 123*192*10mm
- ISBN13: 9791197040597
- ISBN10: 1197040595
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