Chapter 1: Basic Statistics 13

1.
Measurement variable 15
1) Nominal scale 17
2) Ordinal scale 17
3) Donggan scale 17
4) Ratio scale 18

2.
Central tendency value 21
1) Average 22
2) Median 23
3) Mode 24

3.
Dispersion 24
1) Range 25
2) Interquartile deviation 26
3) Variance and standard deviation 27

4.
Shape of the score distribution 30

5.
Conversion score 33
1) 34th percentile
2) Standard score 34

6.
Correlation Analysis 37
1) Meaning of correlation 37
2) Degree of correlation 38
3) Calculation of correlation 42
4) Precautions when using correlation coefficients 45

7.
Regression Analysis 46
1) Statistical assumptions 46
2) Regression equation calculation 47
3) Coefficient of determination 48
4) Standard error of estimate 50

8.
Mean Difference Test 51
1) Understanding Hypothesis Testing 51
2) Black 53
3) Black 56
4) Analysis of variance 60

Practice Problem 64

Chapter 2: Understanding Physical Education Measurement and Evaluation 65

1.
What is Physical Education Measurement and Assessment? 67
1) History 68
2) Theory Development 70

2.
What are the basic concepts? 71
1) Measurement 71
2) Inspection 72
3) Evaluation 72

3.
Why do we do inspections? 73
1) For motivation 73
2) To evaluate the level of achievement 73
3) To measure improvement 74
4) For diagnosis 74
5) To prescribe 75
6) To assign grades 75
7) To evaluate the educational program 75
8) For classification and selection 76
9) To predict future performance 76

4.
What types of inspections are there? 76
1) 76 according to evaluation criteria
2) According to the function of evaluation 77

5.
What are the areas of interest in physical education measurement and evaluation? 78
1) Health-related physical strength 78
2) Criterion-oriented test 79
3) Performance Evaluation 80
4) Assessment of physical activity 81
5) Motor function test 82
6) Game Analysis 83
7) Assessment of the affective and cognitive domains 83

Practice Problem 85

Chapter 3 Validity and Reliability of Norm-Related Tests 87

1.
Classical Progressive Score Theory 90
1) Classical progressive score theory and assumptions 90
2) Measurement error 94
3) Parallel test and true point equivalence test 94

2.
Reliability 95
1) Meaning of reliability 95
2) Reliability coefficient estimation method 100
3) Objectivity 109
4) Factors affecting reliability 110

3.
Validity 113
1) Content validity 114
2) Criterion-related validity 117
3) Recruitment validity 122
4) Relationship between validity and reliability 126

Practice Problem 129

Chapter 4 Validity and Reliability of Criterion-Referenced Tests 131

1.
Validity 134
1) Domain-related validity 134
2) Decision validity 135

2.
Reliability 138
1) Consistency 138
2) Kappa coefficient 140

Practice Problem 142

Chapter 5: Measurement and Evaluation in School Physical Education 143

1.
The Current State of School Physical Education Evaluation 145
1) Problems with Physical Education Evaluation 146
2) Improvement Plan for Physical Education Evaluation 147

2.
Setting Physical Education and Education Goals 149
1) Stage 149 of educational objectives
2) Write behavioral goals 150

3.
Grading Method 151
1) Use of grades 152
2) Determination of grades 154
3) Grading Criteria 157
4) Grading method 158

Practice Problem 162

Chapter 6 Performance Evaluation 163

1.
Understanding Performance Evaluation 165
1) Background 165
2) Concept of performance evaluation 167
3) Performance Evaluation Procedure 169
4) Problems and Solutions 169
5) Performance evaluation quality 170

2.
Types of Performance Evaluation 171
1) Descriptive Test 171
2) Essay test 172
3) Oral Exam 173
4) Practical Test 173
5) Portfolio 176

3.
Physical Education and Reality Assessment 178
1) The necessity of evaluating game performance 179
2) Evaluation in a game-like situation - Basketball Complex Function Test (Example) 180
3) Performance Evaluation Tool 184

Practice Problem 192

Chapter 7: Principles of Test Composition 193

1.
Practical Examination Composition 195
1) Practical Examination Composition Procedure 196
2) Composition of motor function test 199
3) Example of practical test 200

2.
Composition of the written examination 206
1) Meaning of written examination 206
2) Type 207 of written examination
3) Written Examination Preparation Procedure 214
4) Verification of written examination 216

Practice Problem 224

Chapter 8 Physical Examination Center 225

1.
Health-related physical examination center 228
1) Overview 228
2) Background 229
3) Example of health-related physical examination 230

2.
Sports-related physical examination center 234
1) Overview 234
2) Background 235
3) Example of exercise-related physical fitness test 235

3.
Domestic physical fitness test center 237
1) Student Health and Physical Fitness Assessment 237
2) National Physical Fitness Survey 243

4.
Implementation of the physical examination center 246
1) Preparation 246
2) Analysis of test data 247
3) Determination of the number of inspections to be performed 247
4) Use of standards 248

Practice Problem 250

Appendix 1.
Normal distribution table (z distribution table) 251
Appendix 2.
t distribution table 254
Reference 255

Starting the book

Since its first publication in 2003, this book has been revised and supplemented three times to help future physical education teachers and sports leaders easily understand the principles of measurement and evaluation in the field of sports.
This fourth revised edition includes revisions and supplements to some of the book's content, including basic statistics, validity and reliability, and test structure. The overall structure of the book remains the same as before, and the main contents, including the changes, are as follows.

Chapter 1 covers basic statistics, adding in-depth content on variables and the concepts and principles of regression analysis, which is highly useful in estimating the reliability and validity of test scores in sports coaching settings, along with practical examples.
Chapter 2 is identical to the existing structure, including the concept of physical education measurement and evaluation, reasons and types of tests, and contents emphasized in the field of physical education measurement and evaluation.
Chapters 3 and 4 explain the relationship between validity and reliability from the perspective of variance caused by systematic errors, in addition to the existing content such as the concepts and estimation methods of validity and reliability, which are core contents in physical education measurement and evaluation.
Chapters 5 and 6 explain the measurement and evaluation methods of school physical education. In particular, Chapter 6 presents the concept of physical education and performance evaluation, understood as a realistic evaluation, and performance evaluation tools with real-world examples.
In Chapter 7, the existing test composition for the psychomotor domain was modified to a practical test, and the test composition for the cognitive domain was modified to a written test. The written test was divided into a knowledge test, a psychological factor measurement, and an opinion survey, and examples of each type, the test composition procedure, and the test quality verification method were specifically explained.
Chapter 8 explains the physical fitness test used to evaluate existing health and exercise physical fitness, the student health and physical fitness assessment conducted in elementary, middle, and high schools, and the test items and methods of the National Physical Fitness Survey conducted to periodically determine the physical fitness status of all age groups of the population.

In the future 4th industrial revolution, the role of physical education teachers and sports coaches is expected to grow even more.
I sincerely hope that this book will provide future physical education teachers and sports coaches with the theoretical foundations of measurement and evaluation necessary to assess the content they teach to their students and clients, and will also help them acquire the sports data analysis capabilities necessary to develop practical tests or utilize existing ones.
I would like to express my gratitude to Rainbow Books CEO Min Seon-hong for his help in publishing this revised edition, and to the staff who helped with the text revision and cover editing.

August 2022
Lee Ki-bong